Fate of wastewater contaminants in rivers: Using conservative-tracer based transfer functions to assess reactive transport
Fate of wastewater contaminants in rivers: Using conservative-tracer based transfer functions to assess reactive transport
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.379
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发表时间：
2019-03-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Schwientek, Marc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guillet, Gaeelle;Knapp, Julia L. A.;Schwientek, Marc
解释废水污染物在河流中的命运是困难的，因为它们的输入随着时间的变化而变化，并且有几个过程同时影响反应传输。我们提出了一种方法，通过执行保守示踪剂测试，同时在不同位置对河流断面进行采样，以进行微污染物的化学分析，从而消除各种影响。通过将污染物的出流浓度与流入时间序列中的示踪剂信号进行比较，我们估计了反应速率系数，并计算了沿河段的污染物清除。该方法在德国施泰因拉赫河进行了测试，那里监测到了38种污染物。通过比较白天和夜间的实验，可以将依赖光的降解过程与其他消除过程区分开来。虽然光依赖降解对美托洛尔、比索洛尔和文拉法辛的去除效率很高，但其对污染物去除的影响与平均超过24小时的光无关过程相似。对于本研究中分析的一些化合物，生物和光降解比以往的田间研究更高。在Steinlach的研究中，我们观察到了非常有效的去除过程，这可能是由于处理后废水的比例、温度、DOC和硝酸盐浓度较高，而且低流动条件下的表面积与体积比更高，有利于通过浅水柱进行光降解，并且比可比研究中观察到的更大的瞬时存储。(C)2018年作者。爱思唯尔出版公司(Elsevier B.V.)
Interpreting the fate of wastewater contaminants in streams is difficult because their inputs vary in time and several processes synchronously affect reactive transport. We present a method to disentangle the various influences by performing a conservative-tracer test while sampling a stream section at various locations for chemical analysis of micropollutants. By comparing the outflow concentrations of contaminants with the tracer signal convoluted by the inflow time series, we estimated reaction rate coefficients and calculated the contaminant removal along a river section. The method was tested at River Steinlach, Germany, where 38 contaminants were monitored. Comparing day-time and night-time experiments allowed distinguishing photo-dependent degradation from other elimination processes. While photo-dependent degradation showed to be highly efficient for the removal of metroprolol, bisoprolol, and venlafaxine, its impact on contaminant removal was on a similar scale to the photo-independent processes when averaged over 24 h. For a selection of compounds analyzed in the present study, bio- and photodegradation were higher than in previous field studies. In the Steinlach study, we observed extraordinarily effective removal processes that may be due to the higher proportion of treated wastewater, temperature, DOC and nitrate concentrations, but also a higher surface to volume ratio from low flow conditions that favorizes photodegradation through the shallow water column and a larger transient storage than observed in comparable studies. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.