Structural mechanism of cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS.

Structural mechanism of cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature12305
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发表时间:
2013-06-20
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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由细胞内细菌或病毒感染产生的胞质DNA是一种强大的病原体相关分子模式(PAMP),其通过产生I型干扰素和炎性细胞因子而导致先天免疫宿主防御。最近发现的环-GMP-AMP(cGA)合酶(cGAS)对胞质DNA的识别诱导cGA的产生以激活干扰素基因的刺激物(STING)。在这里,我们报告了cGAS单独的晶体结构以及与DNA、ATP和GTP的复合物沿着的功能研究。我们的研究结果解释了cGAS的广泛特异性DNA传感,显示了cGAS如何催化二核苷酸形成,并表明DNA诱导的结构开关的激活。cGAS与抗病毒细胞溶质dsRNA传感器2 '-5'寡腺苷酸合酶(OAS 1)具有显著的结构相似性,但含有识别B型dsDNA的独特锌拇指。我们的结果通过OAS 1和cGAS核苷酸转移酶在机制上统一了dsRNA和dsDNA先天免疫感测。
Cytosolic DNA arising from intracellular bacteria or viral infections is a powerful pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that leads to innate immune host defense by the production of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokines. Recognition of cytosolic DNA by the recently discovered cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGA) synthase (cGAS) induces the production of cGA to activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). Here we report the crystal structure of cGAS alone and in complex with DNA, ATP and GTP along with functional studies. Our results explain cGAS’ broad specificity DNA sensing, show how cGAS catalyzes di-nucleotide formation and indicate activation by a DNA-induced structural switch. cGAS possesses a remarkable structural similarity to the antiviral cytosolic dsRNA sensor 2’-5’oligoadenylate synthase (OAS1), but contains a unique zinc-thumb that recognizes B-form dsDNA. Our results mechanistically unify dsRNA and dsDNA innate immune sensing by OAS1 and cGAS nucleotidyl transferases.
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McWhirter SM;Barbalat R;Monroe KM;Fontana MF;Hyodo M;Joncker NT;Ishii KJ;Akira S;Colonna M;Chen ZJ;Fitzgerald KA;Hayakawa Y;Vance RE
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