Diagnostic methods for feline coronavirus: a review.
Diagnostic methods for feline coronavirus: a review.
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DOI：
10.4061/2010/809480
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发表时间：
2010-07-28
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Alazawy, Amer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharif, Saeed;Arshad, Siti Suri;Alazawy, Amer
猫冠状病毒（FCoVs）在世界各地都有发现。感染FCoV可导致多种症状，从临床不明显的感染到称为猫传染性腹膜炎（FIP）的高度致命疾病。FIP是猫最严重的病毒性疾病之一。虽然目前既没有针对FIP的有效疫苗，也没有治愈性治疗方法，但针对FCoV的诊断方案将极大地帮助管理和控制该病毒。FIP的临床表现是非特异性的，对鉴别诊断没有帮助。FIP病例的血液学和生化异常也是非特异性的。目前可用的血清学检测方法在检测活动性感染方面具有较低的特异性和敏感性，并且与低致病性的FCoV毒株猫肠道冠状病毒（FECV）交叉反应。逆转录酶聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）已被用于检测FCoV，它是快速和敏感的，但结果必须结合临床发现来解释。目前，FIP的明确诊断只能通过活检的组织病理学检查来确定。本文描述和比较了fcov的诊断方法，并简要介绍了病毒生物学、流行病学和发病机制。
Feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) are found throughout the world. Infection with FCoV can result in a diverse range of signs from clinically inapparent infections to a highly fatal disease called feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). FIP is one of the most serious viral diseases of cats. While there is neither an effective vaccine, nor a curative treatment for FIP, a diagnostic protocol for FCoV would greatly assist in the management and control of the virus. Clinical findings in FIP are non-specific and not helpful in making a differential diagnosis. Haematological and biochemical abnormalities in FIP cases are also non-specific. The currently available serological tests have low specificity and sensitivity for detection of active infection and cross-react with FCoV strains of low pathogenicity, the feline enteric coronaviruses (FECV). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been used to detect FCoV and is rapid and sensitive, but results must be interpreted in the context of clinical findings. At present, a definitive diagnosis of FIP can be established only by histopathological examination of biopsies. This paper describes and compares diagnostic methods for FCoVs and includes a brief account of the virus biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis.