Environmental innovation and employment dynamics in different technology fields - an analysis based on the German Community Innovation Survey 2009
Environmental innovation and employment dynamics in different technology fields - an analysis based on the German Community Innovation Survey 2009
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.034
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发表时间：
2013-10-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Rennings, Klaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horbach, Jens;Rennings, Klaus
环境技术的就业效应是政治家关注的焦点，但分析不同环境创新领域的就业效应的研究很少。我们使用2009年的社区创新调查（CIS），允许在公司层面进行这样的分析。我们的计量经济学分析表明，创新型企业的特点是就业发展更具活力。特别是采用清洁技术作为工艺创新，导致公司内部就业率提高。这一发现的理论背景是，这种类型的工艺创新所带来的成本节约提高了企业的竞争力。这对需求产生了积极影响，从而也增加了就业。特别是材料和能源的节省与就业有着积极的关系，因为它们有助于提高公司的盈利能力和竞争力。另一方面，仍然由终端技术主导的空气和水处理创新对就业产生了负面影响。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
The employment effects of environmental technologies are in the focus of politicians but studies analyzing these effects for different environmental innovation fields are rare. We use the 2009 wave of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) allowing for such an analysis at the firm level. Our econometric analysis shows that innovative firms in general are characterized by a significantly more dynamic employment development. Especially the introduction of cleaner technologies as process innovations leads to a higher employment within the firm. The theoretical background of this finding is that cost savings induced by this type of process innovation improve the competitiveness of firms. This has positive effects on demand and thus also increases employment. Especially material and energy savings are positively correlated to employment because they help to increase the profitability and competitiveness of the firm. On the other side, air and water process innovations that are still dominated by end-of-pipe technologies have a negative impact on employment. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.