Social Closure and Gender Gap in Earnings: Evidence from a Multi-Level Analysis of Census 2000*
Social Closure and Gender Gap in Earnings: Evidence from a Multi-Level Analysis of Census 2000*
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社会封闭和收入中的性别差距：来自 2000 年人口普查多层次分析的证据*
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ryu Kirak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ryu Kirak
本文利用2000年美国人口普查的数据和其他二手资料，详细阐述了限制从事有偿职业的社会封闭机制，并调查了这些封闭机制如何制约报酬方面的性别不平等。对假设进行了检验，以了解基于教育资格认证、特定职业技能培训机会和成立工会的社会封闭手段是否以特定性别的方式发挥作用。估计了社会封闭变量对收入性别差距进行回归的分层线性模型。研究结果表明，学历认证和工会有利于女性员工，而社会封闭的技能培训维度对女性员工没有显著影响。
Using data from the U.S. Census 2000 and other secondary sources, this paper elaborates on social closure mechanisms that restrict access to remunerative occupations and investigates how gender inequality in rewards is conditioned by those closure devices. Hypotheses are tested to see whether social closure devices based on educational credentialing, opportunities for occupation-specific skills training and unionization work in gender-specific manner or not. Hierarchical linear models of regressing gender gap in earnings on social closure variables are estimated. Findings suggest that educational credentialing and unionization work to the advantage of female employees, while skills training dimension of social closure has no significant effect.