Morphological and cytogenetic studies on the hybrid between bread wheat and Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng ex Kuo
Morphological and cytogenetic studies on the hybrid between bread wheat and Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng ex Kuo
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DOI：
10.1007/s10681-007-9608-y
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Zhou, Yong-Hong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang, Hou-Yang;Zhang, Hai-Qin;Zhou, Yong-Hong
华山新麦草(2n=2x=14，Nsns)是一种耐盐、耐干旱的小麦条锈病、全蚀病菌和白粉病的抗源材料，首次在不采用幼胚挽救培养的情况下，成功地将其作为小麦的杂交亲本与小麦杂交。CSph2b×华山松杂交种均萌发良好。成功地获得了回交后代。经形态观察、细胞学和分子生物学鉴定，F-1为属间杂种。结果表明，杂种植株的表型介于面包小麦和华山杨之间。杂种F-1花粉母细胞的MI染色体配对较低，减数分裂构型为26.80I+0.60II(杆状)。对杂交植株的细胞学分析表明，ph2b基因对亲本之间的染色体关联无效。筛选出8个NS基因组的特异标记进行了随机扩增分析，结果表明F-1代含有华山松的NS基因组。此外，还讨论了这一发现对面包小麦改良的意义。
Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng ex Kuo (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs), a source of wheat stripe rust, take-all fungus, and powdery mildew resistance with tolerance to salinity and drought, has been successfully hybridized as the pollen parent to bread wheat without using immature embryo rescuing culture for the first time. All of the CSph2b x P. huashanica hybrid seeds germinate well. Backcross derivatives were successfully obtained. F-1 hybrids were verified as intergeneric hybrids on the basis of morphological observation, cytological and molecular analyses. The results obviously showed the phenotypes of the hybrid plants were intermediate between bread wheat and P. huashanica. Chromosome pairing at MI of PMCs in the F-1 hybrid plants was low, and the meiotic configuration was 26.80 I + 0.60 II (rod). Cytological analysis of the hybrid plants revealed the ineffectiveness of the ph2b gene on chromosome association between the parents. Eight RAPD-specific markers for Ns genome were selected for RAPD analysis, and the results indicated that F-1 hybrids contained the Ns genome of P. huashanica. Furthermore, the significance of the finding for bread wheat improvement was discussed.