Migration, Poverty, and Inequality: Evidence from Burkina Faso
Migration, Poverty, and Inequality: Evidence from Burkina Faso
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移民、贫困和不平等：来自布基纳法索的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
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通讯作者：
F. Wouterse
中科院分区：
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作者：
F. Wouterse
“本文将基尼系数和集中系数分解以及福斯特-格里尔-索贝克贫困指数和福利函数应用于布基纳法索的新数据，以检验非洲大陆内的长途国际移徙和国内移徙与农村家庭的不平等、贫困和社会福利之间的关系。研究结果支持我们的理论预期，这种关系因移民目的地而异。我们发现有证据表明，国内移徙与不平等之间存在负相关关系，而国际移徙与不平等之间存在正相关关系。国际移徙涉及高成本和高风险，似乎主要是已经富裕的家庭可以利用。这种形式的移徙所产生的较高汇款与更大的不平等有关。我们还发现，虽然国际移徙与贫困的发生率、深度和严重程度低得多有关，但其对社会福利的影响有限，因为国际移徙的受益者不包括农村穷人。“摘自作者摘要
"This paper applies Gini and concentration coefficient decomposition as well as the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty index and a welfare function to new data from Burkina Faso to test the relationship between long-distance international migration and internal migration within the African continent and inequality, poverty, and social welfare in rural households. Findings support our theoretical expectation that this relationship varies by migrant destination. We find evidence of a negative correlation between internal migration and inequality and a positive correlation between international migration and inequality. International migration, which involves high costs and risks, appears to be mainly accessible to already wealthy households. Comparatively high remittances from this form of migration are associated with greater inequality. We also find that although international migration is associated with a much lower incidence, depth, and severity of poverty, its impact on social welfare is limited because the beneficiaries of international migration do not include the rural poor." from authors' abstract