MEASURING THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS BY MEANS OF INDENTATION EXPERIMENTS
MEASURING THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS BY MEANS OF INDENTATION EXPERIMENTS
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-5096(94)90033-7
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发表时间：
1994-08-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
NIX, WD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VLASSAK, JJ;NIX, WD
压痕实验中的卸载过程通常通过考虑刚性冲头与弹性各向同性半空间的接触来建模。在这里，我们将分析扩展到弹性各向异性固体。本文综述了描述弹性各向异性固体用轴对称压头压入的一些基本公式。我们展示了如何计算任意各向异性固体的压痕模量，并给出了具有立方晶体对称性的固体的结果。本文计算了各种各向异性材料在半空间上的平面三角形凸模的接触刚度。三角形压头的压痕模量通常比轴对称压头高56%，并且仅随压头在压痕平面中的取向而略有变化。我们进行了微压痕实验，以测量不同取向的立方和六方单晶表面的压痕模量。对于铜和β-黄铜，（111）压痕模量比{100}模量大约大10%和25%。（110）模量通常略小于（111）模量。锌的压痕模量变化多达两倍，这取决于样品的取向。单晶的硬度随压痕平面的取向变化不大。对于β-黄铜，{110}表面的硬度仅比{100}或{111}表面的硬度低约13%;对于铜，{110}硬度比其他取向高6%。对于锌，硬度随取向的最大变化为20%。
The unloading process in an indentation experiment is usually modeled by considering the contact of a rigid punch with an clastically isotropic half space. Here we extend the analysis to elastically anisotropic solids. We review some of the basic formulae for describing the indentation of elastically anisotropic solids with axisymmetric indenters. We show how the indentation modulus can be calculated for arbitrary anisotropic solids and give results for solids with cubic crystal symmetry. We have calculated the contact stiffness for a flat triangular punch on a half space for various anisotropic materials. The indentation modulus for a triangular indenter is typically 56% higher than that for an axisymmetric indenter and varies only slightly with the orientation of the indenter in the plane of the indentation. We have conducted microindentation experiments to measure the indentation moduli of differently oriented surfaces of both cubic and hexagonal single crystals. For copper and beta-brass, the (111) indentation moduli are approximately 10 and 25% larger than the {100} modulus. The (110) moduli are typically slightly smaller than the (111) moduli. The indentation modulus of zinc varies by as much as a factor of two, depending on the sample orientation. The hardnesses of the single crystals do not vary much with the orientation of the plane of indentation. For beta-brass, the hardness of a {110} surface is only about 13% lower than the hardness of a {100} or {111} surface; for copper, the {110} hardness is 6% higher than for the other orientations. For zinc the maximum change in hardness with orientation is 20%.