Sleep disturbances, fear, and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 shut down phase in Germany: relation to infection rates, deaths, and German stock index DAX
Sleep disturbances, fear, and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 shut down phase in Germany: relation to infection rates, deaths, and German stock index DAX
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sleep.2020.08.033
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Skoda, Eva-Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hetkamp, Madeleine;Schweda, Adam;Skoda, Eva-Maria
背景：COVID-19疫情影响全球。到目前为止，我们还不知道欧洲人对这种大流行的恐惧、焦虑和睡眠障碍等心理障碍的过程。方法：这项基于网络的调查旨在评估COVID-19爆发后50天内德国公众的心理健康负担。16，245人回答了睡眠障碍，COVID-19恐惧和广泛性焦虑症（GAD-7）。结果：具体的恐惧迅速增加，与感染人数一致。然而，没有发现与死亡人数有关，对COVID-19的恐惧与股指发生了逆转。最初，13.5%的受访者报告睡眠质量下降，7.2%的受访者报告中度广泛性焦虑;与高峰同时进行。最后，超过两倍的受访者表现出心理负担。结论：COVID-19恐惧在六周内下降到关闭前的水平，表明对威胁情况的习惯。然而，随着时间的推移，广泛性焦虑仍然升高。睡眠障碍、广泛性焦虑以及经济存量变化提前发展为需要随之而来的和可理解的信息政策的感染学趋势。(C)2020爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacts the whole world. So far, nothing is known about the course of psychological disturbances, such as fear, anxiety, and sleep disturbances of this pandemic over time in Europe.Methods: Aim of this web-based survey was to assess the mental health burden of the German public over a period of 50 days after the COVID-19 outbreak. 16,245 individuals responded regarding sleep disturbances, COVID-19-fear, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7). Data were put in relation to infection rates, number of deaths and the German stock index.Results: The specific fear increased rapidly in concordance with infection numbers. However, no relation to the number of deaths was found, COVID-19-fear developed reversed to the stock index. Initially, 13.5% of the respondents reported a reduced sleep quality, and 7.2% a moderate generalized anxiety; pro-ceeding simultaneously with high peaks. Finally, more than twice as many respondents showed psychological burdens.Conclusion: The COVID-19-fear decreased within six weeks to the level before the shutdown, indicating a habituation to the threatening situation. However, generalized anxiety remained elevated over time. Sleep disturbances, generalized anxiety as well as economical stock alterations develop in advance to infectiological trends which demands consequent and comprehensible information policies. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.