Drosophila chimeras and the problem of determination.
Drosophila chimeras and the problem of determination.
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果蝇嵌合体和测定问题。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Illmensee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Illmensee
果蝇是否能帮助我们更好地理解高等生物的分化，一直存在一些疑问，因为“果蝇，遗传学研究的经典对象，碰巧有一种镶嵌型的发育，这是相当不幸的”（Needham，1950）。然而，在过去的20年里，由于新的遗传学和显微外科学方法开辟了分析细胞多样化过程中核质相互作用的新方法，这种悲观的观点已经变得无关紧要了（Gehring，1976 a; Schneiderman，1976），我认为提醒我们自己并不是多余的。此外，果蝇被证明是产生由两个遗传上不同的细胞群体组成的嵌合体个体的理想生物体。通过利用适当的标记基因结合X射线照射诱导的有丝分裂重组（贝克尔审查，本卷），染色体丢失（审查由詹宁和Wieschaus，本卷），或显微注射（讨论在这方面的贡献），现在有可能追溯表型的起源和命运的“遗传标记”细胞及其克隆后代在发展过程中。
There has always been some doubt whether the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster might help us to a better understanding of differentiation in higher organisms inasmuch as “it is rather unfortunate that Drosophila, the classical object of genetic research, should happen to have a mosaic type of development” (Needham, 1950). I do not think that it is superfluous to remind ourselves that during the past two decades, however, this gloomy notion has become irrelevant since new genetic and microsurgical approaches opened up novel ways of analyzing nucleocytoplasmic interactions during cellular diversification (reviewed by Gehring, 1976a; Schneiderman, 1976). Moreover, Drosophila proved to be an ideal organism for the production of mosaic individuals composed of two genetically different cell populations. By utilizing appropriate marker genes in combination with X-irradiation induced mitotic recombination (reviewed by Becker, this volume), chromosomal loss (reviewed by Janning and Wieschaus, this volume), or microinjection (discussed in this contribution), it is now possible to trace phenotypically the origin and fate of “genetically labeled” cells and their clonal descendants during the course of development.