Health and economic benefits of reducing the number of students per classroom in US primary schools
Health and economic benefits of reducing the number of students per classroom in US primary schools
复制标题
DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2006.105478
复制
发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Woolf, Steven H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muennig, Peter;Woolf, Steven H.
目标.我们估计了从幼儿园到三年级减少班级规模的相关成本，以及小班规模对选定结果的影响，如质量调整生命年和未来收入。我们使用多个数据集来预测根据教育程度评估的结果的变化。然后，我们使用马尔可夫模型来估计未来的成本和收益，以及每增加一名高中毕业生所获得的质量调整生命年。从社会的角度来看（包括收入和健康结果），班级规模的减少将产生约168000美元的净成本节省和1.7质量调整后的生命年的净收益为每一个高中毕业生产生小班。当针对低收入学生时，估计每增加一名毕业生可节省196000美元。从政府的角度来看（包括公共支出和收入），减少班级规模的结果范围从节省成本到每质量调整生命年获得15000美元的额外成本。减少班级规模可能比大多数公共卫生和医疗干预措施更具成本效益。
Objectives. We estimated the costs associated with reducing class sizes in kindergarten through grade 3 as well as the effects of small class sizes on selected outcomes such as quality-adjusted life-years and future earnings.Methods. We used multiple data sets to predict changes in the outcomes assessed according to level of educational attainment. We then used a Markov model to estimate future costs and benefits incurred and quality-adjusted life-years gained per additional high school graduate produced overtime.Results. From a societal perspective (incorporating earnings and health outcomes), class-size reductions would generate a net cost savings of approximately $168 000 and a net gain of 1.7 quality-adjusted life-years for each high school graduate produced by small classes. When targeted to low-income students, the estimated savings would increase to $196000 per additional graduate. From a governmental perspective (incorporating public expenditures and revenues), the results of reducing class sizes ranged from savings in costs to an additional cost of $15000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained.Conclusions. Reducing class sizes may be more cost-effective than most public health and medical interventions.