Turbidity increases risk perception but constrains collective behaviour during foraging by fish shoals
Turbidity increases risk perception but constrains collective behaviour during foraging by fish shoals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.08.012
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ioannou, Christos C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chamberlain, Alice C.;Ioannou, Christos C.
湍流减少了动物发现食物、捕食者和同类的距离。混浊度如何影响决策在社会背景下很少被调查，此外，它是未知的减少浅滩在浑浊的水是由于视觉的限制（机械的解释）或减少感知捕食风险（适应性解释）。采用V型决策竞技场，研究了浑浊度对三刺鱼群体觅食行为的影响。在浑浊的条件下，鱼需要更长的时间离开避难所，并找到食物的一个武器和消耗较少的食物，一旦它被发现。这种增加的风险厌恶行为进一步支持的精度提高重复试验和速度精度权衡只被观察到在浑浊的条件。尽管有证据表明，在浑浊的水中，第一条选择迷宫臂的鱼更有可能独自一人在浑浊的水中;因此，这个人失去了集体行为的反捕食者和决策的好处。这表明，混浊度作为一种视觉约束机制，将决策从集体决策转变为由与群体分离的个体决策，这可能对野生猎物种群产生潜在影响。(C)2019动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Turbidity reduces the distance that animals can detect food, predators and conspecifics. How turbidity affects decision making in social contexts has rarely been investigated; moreover, it is unknown whether decreased shoaling in turbid water is due to visual constraints (a mechanistic explanation) or a reduced perception of predation risk (an adaptive explanation). Using a V-shaped decision-making arena, we investigated the effect of turbidity on foraging in groups of three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus. In turbid conditions, fish took longer to leave a refuge and locate the food in one of the arms and consumed less food once it was found. This increase in risk-averse behaviour was further supported by improved accuracy over repeated trials and a speed-accuracy trade-off only being observed in turbid conditions. Despite evidence of a higher perception of risk in turbid water, the first fish to choose an arm of the maze was more likely to be alone in turbid water; thus, this individual lost the antipredator and decision-making benefits of collective behaviour. This suggests that turbidity acts mechanistically as a visual constraint, shifting decisions away from being made collectively to being made by individuals separated from the group, which could have potential impacts for wild prey populations. (C) 2019 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.