STUDIES ON THE COCOON OF THE ORIENTAL MOTH, MONEMA (CNIDOCAMPA) FLAVESCENS, (LEPIDOPTERA, LIMACODIDAE) .3. STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE COCOON IN RELATION TO HARDNESS
STUDIES ON THE COCOON OF THE ORIENTAL MOTH, MONEMA (CNIDOCAMPA) FLAVESCENS, (LEPIDOPTERA, LIMACODIDAE) .3. STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE COCOON IN RELATION TO HARDNESS
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DOI：
10.1303/jjaez.28.269
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
TOMIZAWA, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ISHII, S;INOKUCHI, T;TOMIZAWA, C
东方蛾，M. (Cnidocampa) flavescens Walker，会构造一个非常坚硬的麻雀蛋形状的茧。据了解，这种茧是日本昆虫结的茧中最坚硬的。茧壳由4层或5层组成，各有不同的特性。茧壳的比例占茧的20%以上。这些特性被认为是茧抗压的物理因素。茧壳含有约 34% 的蛋白质，有两种来源：丝腺产生的丝蛋白和可能由唾液腺分泌的蛋白质。后者的蛋白质被涂抹在丝网中，在结茧过程中，其颜色由浅色变为深棕色，同时硬化。茧壳蛋白含有高浓度的β-丙氨酸，其性质与昆虫角质层中的硬化蛋白相同。茧壳含灰分约35%。 Ca 在阳离子中占主导地位，主要以草酸钙晶体形式存在于茧上的白色斑块中，草酸钙晶体在马氏管中产生并从肛门排出。长期以来人们认为茧的硬度可以归因于钙化过程。目前获得的结果并不支持这一假设。根据化学数据，茧的硬度似乎不是由于钙化过程造成的，而是由于存在紧密填充有硬化蛋白质的细丝网。
The Oriental moth, M. (Cnidocampa) flavescens Walker, constructs a very hard cocoon shaped as a sparrow-egg. So far as it is known this cocoon is the hardest among the cocoons constructed by Japanese insect. The cocoon shell is composed of 4 or 5 layers with different characteristics. The precentage of cocoon shell accounts for more than 20% of the cocoon. These characteristics are considered to be the physical factors responsible for the resistance of the cocoon to pressure. The cocoon shell contains about 34% of protein from 2 different origins: silk protein produced in the silk glands, and protein presumably secreted by the salivary glands. The latter protein is plastered into the silk net and its color changes from pale to dark brown while sclerotizing at the same time during the course of the cocoon construction. The cocoon shell protein contains a high concentration of .beta.-alanine of the same nature as that of the sclerotized protein in the insect cuticle. The cocoon shell contains about 35% ash. Ca predominates among the cations, and is mainly localized in white patches on the cocoon as crystals of Ca-oxalate which are produced in the Malpighian tubes and excreted from the anus. It has long been considered that the hardness of the cocoon can be ascribed to a calcification process. The results obtained presently do not support this assumption. Based on chemical data it appears that the hardness of the cocoon is not due to a process of calcification, but to the presence of a fine silk net filled compactly with the sclerotized protein.