Real-time investigation of referential domains in unscripted conversation: A targeted language game approach
Real-time investigation of referential domains in unscripted conversation: A targeted language game approach
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DOI：
10.1080/03640210802066816
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Tanenhaus, Michael K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown-Schmidt, Sarah;Tanenhaus, Michael K.
两个实验通过分析引用表达式的修改和在线解释来考察无脚本会话中引用域的限制。实验1表明，从最早的加工时刻起，收件人就会根据会话约束的引用域来解释引用表达式。对谈话过程中眼球运动的分析表明，在脚本语言中看到的标准竞争效应被消除了。实验2的结果明确了两个语用因素，这些因素限制了说话者在设计指称表达时使用的指称域，并证明了同样的因素预测了说话者在在线解释相同表达时是否将当地竞争对手视为潜在的指称对象。这些实验首次表明，受语用因素约束的参考域促进了对会话中引用表达的在线解释，这些因素预测了在语言处理中，收件人何时可能遇到暂时的歧义。
Two experiments examined the restriction of referential domains during unscripted conversation by analyzing the modification and online interpretation of referring expressions. Experiment 1 demonstrated that from the earliest moments of processing, addressees interpreted referring expressions with respect to referential domains constrained by the conversation. Analysis of eye movements during the conversation showed elimination of standard competition effects seen with scripted language. Results from Experiment 2 pinpointed two pragmatic factors responsible for restriction of the referential domains used by speakers to design referential expressions and demonstrated that the same factors predict whether addressees consider local competitors to be potential referents during online interpretation of the same expressions. These experiments demonstrate, for the first time, that online interpretation of referring expressions in conversation is facilitated by referential domains constrained by pragmatic factors that predict when addressees are likely to encounter temporary ambiguity in language processing.