New perspectives of information transformation through the auditory cortical layers
New perspectives of information transformation through the auditory cortical layers
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通过听觉皮层进行信息转换的新视角
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0912299107
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
哺乳动物新皮层感觉区、运动区和联合区的神经元通常组织成六层柱状，其中各层根据神经元的形态分为三个主要的亚层，即颗粒细胞层（主要是第IV层）、颗粒上层I-III和颗粒下层V和VI（1-3）。层中神经元的类型，层内和层间神经元之间的连接，以及输入投射的类型和模式决定了信息在通过皮层时如何转换。由于从丘脑输入到颗粒细胞层，再到颗粒上层和颗粒下层的主要兴奋通路相当固定，因此通过皮质层的信息转换可能遵循一个通用的基本方案。局部修改这一计划可以允许特定区域和领域的适应需要处理不同的感官，电机，或关联信息。Atencio等人在本期PNAS（5）中的研究以猫的初级听觉皮层为例，在描述新皮层中信息转换的基本模式的性质方面取得了突破。与以前使用大多数简单声音（如音调和噪音）以及来自皮层的连续记录的实验方法不同（6-8），Atencio et al. (5)对频谱和时间复杂声音的神经反应记录，动态移动涟漪刺激，由许多音调组成，其频率和振幅在声音持续时间内随机且独立地调制。他们使用16个电极的阵列同时记录所有皮层层，并计算和比较皮层功能列中神经元光谱时间感受野的特性。此外，他们应用了最大信息维度（MID）分析的信息理论方法，他们以前已经将其应用于听觉皮层反应分析（9），以估计刺激特征如何在不同皮层层神经元的频谱时间感受野中表示。将这些创新方法结合在一起，就可以得出一个显著的结果，即皮质层如何将丘脑的输入活动转化为一种更完整的复杂输出模式，这种模式比丘脑输入更接近听觉环境中对声音的感受。
Neurons in sensory, motor, and association areas of the mam-malian neocortex usually are organized in columns of six layers, in which the layers divide by the morphology of the neurons into three major subdivisions, the granular cell layer (mainly layer IV), the supragranular layers I–III, and the infragranular layers V and VI (1–3). The types of neurons in the layers, the connections between neurons within and between the layers, and the types and patterns of input projections determine how information is transformed when it passes through the cortical layers. Because of the rather stereotyped main excitatory pathway from the thalamic input to the granular cell layer and further to the supragranular and infragranular layers (4), the information transformation through the cortical layers may follow a general, basic scheme. Local modifications of this scheme could allow for area-and field-specific adaptations to the needs of processing different sensory, motor, or associative information. The study by Atencio et al. in this issue of PNAS (5) provides a breakthrough in describing properties of a basic scheme of information transformation in the neocortex, taking the cat primary auditory cortex as an example. Unlike previous experimental approaches using mostly simple sounds such as tones and noises and serial recordings from the cortical layers (6–8), Atencio et al.(5) recorded neural responses to a spectrally and temporally complex sound, a dynamic moving ripple stimulus, composed of many tones whose frequencies and amplitudes are modulated randomly and independently over the duration of the sound. They used an array of 16 electrodes to simultaneously record from all cortical layers and calculate and compare the properties of neuronal spectrotemporal receptive fields in a functional column of the cortex. Further, they applied the information theoretical approach of maximally informative dimension (MID) analysis, which they previously had adapted to auditory cortical response analysis (9), to estimate how stimulus features are represented in the spectrotemporal receptive fields of neurons in the different cortical layers. The combination of these innovative methods in one approach led to remarkable results about how the cortical layers transform the thalamic input activity to a more integrated complex output pattern that comes closer than the thalamic input to the percept of a sound in a listening situation.
豚鼠听觉皮层对纯音和调频声音反应的时空模式。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Auditory Cortex - Towards a Synthesis of Human and Animal Research (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates)
影响因子：
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作者：
Taniguchi;I.;Sugimoto;S.;Hess;A.;Horikawa;J.;Hosokawa;Y.;Scheich;H.
通讯作者：
H.
猫听觉皮层初级区 (A1) 的双耳柱
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
T. Imig;H. O. Adria´n
通讯作者：
H. O. Adria´n