Endocast of Sambungmacan 3 (Sm 3):: A new Homo erectus from Indonesia
Endocast of Sambungmacan 3 (Sm 3):: A new Homo erectus from Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.1047
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发表时间：
2001-04-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Márquez, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Broadfield, DC;Holloway, RL;Márquez, S
Marquez 等人在《印度尼西亚新化石原始人颅骨 - Sambungmacan 3》一书中描述了一种新的颅骨化石 Sambungmacan 3 (Sm 3)，该卷是迄今为止从爪哇发现的最先进、最完整的颅内铸件之一。这次交流对 Sm 3 上可观察到的外部解剖标志进行了彻底的解释。利用计算机断层扫描 (CT) 和传统形态学测量，我们的比较古神经学分析表明，虽然 Sm 3 具有与印度尼西亚和中国直立人相似的镶嵌特征，但它也具有让人想起后来的古人类的重要特征。这些包括更大程度的不对称，其特征在于可能存在左枕骨、右额叶花瓣图案、左右大脑体积不对称以及布罗卡帽的明显不对称。此外，与其他印度尼西亚化石（例如 Sangiran 17）平坦、细长的外观相比，额叶具有更圆、更短的外观。另一个独特的特征表现在横向平面上，其中 Sm 3 的最宽宽度比其他印度尼西亚直立人更优越。因此，Sm 3 的内铸呈现出以前在古人类化石记录中未曾见过的独特形态。虽然这个内模型中强烈的现代人类特征可能并不代表特定的祖先，但它们确实让我们认识到印度尼西亚直立人显着变异的新维度。 Anat Rec 262:369-379, 2001。(C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A new fossil calvaria, Sambungmacan 3 (Sm 3), described in New Fossil Hominid Calvaria From Indonesia-Sambungmacan 3 by Marquez et al., this volume, yields one of the most advanced and complete endocasts yet recovered from Java. This communication provides a thorough interpretation of the external anatomical landmarks observable on Sm 3. Using computer tomography (CT) and traditional morphological measurements, our comparative paleoneurological analyses show that while Sm 3 has a mosaic of features that are similar to both Indonesian and Chinese H. erectus, it also possesses significant characters reminiscent of later hominins. These include a greater degree of asymmetry characterized by a possible left-occipital, right-frontal petalial pattern, left-right volumetric cerebral asymmetry, and marked asymmetry in Broca's cap. Moreover, the frontal lobe offers a more rounded, shortened appearance in contrast to the flat, elongated appearance of other Indonesian fossils (e.g., Sangiran 17). Another unique trait is exhibited in the transverse plane where the widest breadth of Sm 3 occurs more superiorly than in other Indonesian H. erectus. Thus, the endocast of Sm 3 presents a unique morphology not seen previously in the hominin fossil record. While the strong modern human characteristics in this endocast may not represent a particular ancestry, they do allow us to recognize a new dimension of the remarkable variation in Indonesian Homo erectus. Anat Rec 262:369-379, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.