Functional connectivity differences in autism during face and car recognition: underconnectivity and atypical age-related changes.
Functional connectivity differences in autism during face and car recognition: underconnectivity and atypical age-related changes.
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DOI：
10.1111/desc.12508
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
O'Hearn K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lynn AC;Padmanabhan A;Simmonds D;Foran W;Hallquist MN;Luna B;O'Hearn K
面部识别能力在发育期和成年期之间比典型发育期（TD）有所提高，但在自闭症中处于平台期，导致自闭症患者在以后的生活中面部识别缺陷增加。自闭症和TD之间的发展差异可能反映了参与面部编码和识别发展的神经系统之间的变化。在这里，我们专注于与梭状面孔区（FFA）的全脑连接，这是一个公认的面孔优先大脑区域。年龄较大的儿童、青少年和患有或不患有自闭症的成年人在功能磁共振成像扫描期间完成了剑桥面部记忆测试和匹配的汽车记忆测试。然后，我们研究了FFA和大脑其他部分之间基于任务的功能连接，比较了自闭症和TD组在编码和识别面部和汽车刺激时的情况。与TD组相比，自闭症组FFA与额叶和初级视觉皮层之间的连通性不足，与年龄无关。在编码和识别过程中，与内侧和喙侧前额叶皮层的连接不足分别是面部特异性的。相反，与L眶额皮层的连接不足对于面部和汽车编码都是明显的。非典型的年龄相关的变化之间的连接FFA和R颞顶交界处，和R背侧纹状体的面部刺激。在自闭症中，FFA与杏仁核的连接在面部和汽车识别方面也出现了类似的年龄相关变化差异。因此，连接不足和非典型发展的功能连接可能会导致一个不太理想的面孔处理网络的背景下，增加自闭症的一般和社会认知缺陷。
Face recognition abilities improve between adolescences and adulthood over typical development (TD), but plateau in autism, leading to increasing face recognition deficits in autism later in life. Developmental differences between autism and TD may reflect changes between neural systems involved in the development of face encoding and recognition. Here, we focused on whole-brain connectivity with the fusiform face area (FFA), a well-established face-preferential brain region. Older children, adolescents, and adults with and without autism completed the Cambridge Face Memory Test, and a matched car memory test, during fMRI scanning. We then examined task-based functional connectivity between the FFA and the rest of the brain, comparing autism and TD groups during encoding and recognition of face and car stimuli. The autism group exhibited underconnectivity, relative to the TD group, between the FFA and frontal and primary visual cortices, independent of age. Underconnectivity with the medial and rostral lateral prefrontal cortex was face-specific during encoding and recognition, respectively. Conversely, underconnectivity with the L orbitofrontal cortex was evident for both face and car encoding. Atypical age-related changes in connectivity emerged between the FFA and the R temporoparietal junction, and R dorsal striatum for face stimuli only. Similar differences in age-related changes in autism emerged for FFA connectivity with the amygdala across both face and car recognition. Thus, underconnectivity and atypical development of functional connectivity may lead to a less optimal face-processing network in the context of increasing general and social cognitive deficits in autism.