THE EFFECTS OF MOBILE TELEPHONING ON DRIVING PERFORMANCE
THE EFFECTS OF MOBILE TELEPHONING ON DRIVING PERFORMANCE
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DOI：
10.1016/0001-4575(91)90008-s
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发表时间：
1991-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
DEWAARD, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROOKHUIS, KA;DEVRIES, G;DEWAARD, D
研究人员在三种不同的交通条件下研究了开车时打电话的影响，即安静高速公路上的交通畅通时、四车道环路交通繁忙时以及城市交通中。十二名不熟悉移动电话的受试者在三周内每天驾驶仪表车辆一小时，并且在三种交通状况中的每一种情况下都必须操作移动电话一小段时间。为了确保第二种情况下固定的“重交通负荷”，受试者被指示跟随另一辆装有仪表的车辆（保持安全距离）。结果表明，与正常驾驶（即不涉及电话交谈）相比，开车时打电话对通过努力量表主观测量、通过心率指数客观测量的努力以及对驾驶表现的一些测量参数有显着影响。一半的受试者必须手动操作电话，另一半则使用免提移动电话执行电话任务。通过方向盘的移动来测量，操作免提电话的受试者比操作手持电话的受试者对测试车辆表现出更好的控制。此外，在 15 天的测试过程中，随着时间的推移，一些测量结果也有了明显的改善。根据结果，可以向当局、制造商和用户提供一些有关移动电话的建议。
The effects of telephoning while driving were studied in three different traffic conditions, i.e. in light traffic on a quiet motorway, in heavy traffic on a four-lane ring-road, and in city traffic. Twelve subjects, unfamiliar with mobile telephones, drove an instrumented vehicle for one hour each day during three weeks and while in each of the three traffic conditions, had to operate the mobile telephone for a short while. To ensure a fixed “heavy traffic load” in the second condition, the subjects were instructed to follow another instrumented vehicle (at a safe distance). The results showed a significant effect of telephoning while driving as opposed to normal driving (i.e., not involving telephone conversation), on the effort subjectively measured by an effort scale and objectively measured by heartrate indices and on some of the measured parameters of driving performance. One half of the subjects had to operate the telephone manually, the other half performed the telephone task with a handsfree mobile telephone set. The subjects who operated the handsfree telephone showed better control over the test vehicle than the subjects who operated the handheld telephone, as measured by the steering wheel movements. Also, a clear improvement over time in the course of the 15 test days was found for some of the measurements. As a consequence of the results, some advice concerning mobile telephoning can be given to authorities, manufacturers, and users.