Determination of Interaction Potentials in Freeway Traffic From Steady-State Statistics
Determination of Interaction Potentials in Freeway Traffic From Steady-State Statistics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physa.2003.10.059
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发表时间：
2003-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
M. Krbálek;D. Helbing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Krbálek;D. Helbing
车辆相互作用的多粒子模拟在定性再现观察到的交通模式方面非常成功。然而，假设的相互作用无法测量，因为与物理和化学系统中的相互作用相比，人类的相互作用很难量化。我们表明，可以通过推广从随机矩阵理论中学到的平衡统计物理的方法来取得进展。它允许人们通过车辆净距离的分布来确定相互作用的潜力。假设幂律相互作用，我们发现在拥挤交通中，驾驶员行为可以用正向的1/s势来近似，而在自由交通中，相互作用的指数为α≈4。这与交通模拟和远程信息处理系统的评估有关。
Many-particle simulations of vehicle interactions have been quite successful in the qualitative reproduction of observed traffic patterns. However, the assumed interactions could not be measured, as human interactions are hard to quantify compared to interactions in physical and chemical systems. We show that progress can be made by generalizing a method from equilibrium statistical physics we learned from random matrix theory. It allows one to determine the interaction potential via distributions of the netto distances s of vehicles. Assuming power-law interactions, we find that driver behavior can be approximated by a forwardly directed 1/s potential in congested traffic, while interactions in free traffic are characterized by an exponent of α≈4. This is relevant for traffic simulations and the assessment of telematic systems.