The unique ecology of human predators
The unique ecology of human predators
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aac4249
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发表时间：
2015-08-21
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Reimchen, Thomas E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Darimont, Chris T.;Fox, Caroline H.;Reimchen, Thomas E.
可持续开发模式关注的是猎物的种群动态和对人类的产量，而忽视了人类作为捕食者的行为。我们将当代猎人和渔民的捕食模式与其他捕食者（陆生哺乳动物和海洋鱼类）的捕食模式进行了比较。我们的全球调查（2125年年度有限开采率估计）显示，人类杀死成年猎物（种群的繁殖资本）的中位数率远高于其他捕食者（高达14倍），特别是对陆地食肉动物和鱼类的大量开采。考虑到这种竞争优势，对捕食者的影响，以及其他独特的捕食行为，我们认为人类作为一种不可持续的“超级捕食者”，除非受到管理者的额外约束，否则将继续改变全球的生态和进化过程。
Paradigms of sustainable exploitation focus on population dynamics of prey and yields to humanity but ignore the behavior of humans as predators. We compared patterns of predation by contemporary hunters and fishers with those of other predators that compete over shared prey (terrestrial mammals and marine fishes). Our global survey (2125 estimates of annual finite exploitation rate) revealed that humans kill adult prey, the reproductive capital of populations, at much higher median rates than other predators (up to 14 times higher), with particularly intense exploitation of terrestrial carnivores and fishes. Given this competitive dominance, impacts on predators, and other unique predatory behavior, we suggest that humans function as an unsustainable "super predator," which-unless additionally constrained by managers-will continue to alter ecological and evolutionary processes globally.