Genotypic Variation and Mixtures of Lyme Borrelia in Ixodes Ticks from North America and Europe
Genotypic Variation and Mixtures of Lyme Borrelia in Ixodes Ticks from North America and Europe
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0010650
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发表时间：
2010-05-14
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Eshoo, Mark W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crowder, Chris D.;Matthews, Heather E.;Eshoo, Mark W.
背景：莱姆病由多种疏螺旋体引起，在北美和欧洲通过硬蜱传播。研究表明，伯氏疏螺旋体 sensu stricto (s.s.) 的基因型或伯氏疏螺旋体 sensu lato (s.l.) 的物种会影响细菌在人类中引起局部或播散性感染的能力。 方法/主要发现：我们使用多位点 PCR 电喷雾质谱分析来确定从纽约、康涅狄格州、印第安纳州、南部地区收集的蜱虫中的伯氏疏螺旋体的物种和基因型德国和加利福尼亚州以及美国和欧洲部分地区的分离株。这些分析鉴定了 53 种不同的伯氏疏螺旋体基因型，其分辨率高于 ospC 分型。还鉴定了伯氏疏螺旋体复合体其他成员的基因型并进行了基因分型，包括阿夫泽勒疏螺旋体、加里尼疏螺旋体、卢西塔尼亚疏螺旋体、斯皮尔曼疏螺旋体和瓦莱疏螺旋体。虽然北美的每个地点都有该地点独有的基因型，但我们发现各个地区之间共享的基因型以及在美国各地发现的两种基因型。重要的伯氏疏螺旋体（B. burgdorferi s.s.）在北美和欧洲之间观察到基因型多样性：在欧洲仅发现 6.6% 的美国基因型（45 种中的 3 种），而 27% 的欧洲基因型（11 种中的 3 种）在美国发现。有趣的是，来自北美的成年肩胛硬蜱感染了一种以上的伯氏疏螺旋体基因型。来自德国的 22.2% 蓖麻硬蜱感染了一种以上伯氏疏螺旋体基因型。结论/意义：蜱中存在多种伯氏疏螺旋体基因型会增加一个人感染一种以上伯氏疏螺旋体基因型的可能性，从而可能增加传播性莱姆病的风险。我们的研究表明，北美和欧洲蜱虫中疏螺旋体的基因型多样性高于之前报道的水平，并且可能产生潜在的临床后果。
Background: Lyme disease, caused by various species of Borrelia, is transmitted by Ixodes ticks in North America and Europe. Studies have shown the genotype of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) or the species of B. burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) affects the ability of the bacteria to cause local or disseminated infection in humans.Methodology/Principal Findings: We used a multilocus PCR electrospray mass spectrometry assay to determine the species and genotype Borrelia from ticks collected in New York, Connecticut, Indiana, Southern Germany, and California and characterized isolates from parts of the United States and Europe. These analyses identified 53 distinct genotypes of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto with higher resolution than ospC typing. Genotypes of other members of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex were also identified and genotyped including B. afzelii, B. garinii, B. lusitaniae, B. spielmanii, and B. valaisiana. While each site in North America had genotypes unique to that location, we found genotypes shared between individual regions and two genotypes found across the United States. Significant B. burgdorferi s.s. genotypic diversity was observed between North America and Europe: only 6.6% of US genotypes (3 of 45) were found in Europe and 27% of the European genotypes (3 of 11) were observed in the US. Interestingly, 39% of adult Ixodes scapularis ticks from North America were infected with more than one genotype of B. burgdorferi s.s. and 22.2% of Ixodes ricinus ticks from Germany were infected with more than one genotype of B. burgdorferi s.l.Conclusions/Significance: The presence of multiple Borrelia genotypes in ticks increases the probability that a person will be infected with more than one genotype of B. burgdorferi, potentially increasing the risks of disseminated Lyme disease. Our study indicates that the genotypic diversity of Borrelia in ticks in both North America and Europe is higher then previously reported and can have potential clinical consequences.