Effects of Engineered Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Bacterial Growth and Viability
Effects of Engineered Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Bacterial Growth and Viability
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00650-10
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Doktycz, Mitchel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pelletier, Dale A.;Suresh, Anil K.;Doktycz, Mitchel J.
近年来，由于其在节能策略和生物医学中的应用，对工程纳米结构的兴趣有所增加。为了确保谨慎开发和使用纳米材料，应了解此类工程结构对环境的命运和影响。纳米材料与环境微生物的相互作用是不可避免的，但由于缺乏评估这种相互作用的标准方法，这种相互作用的一般后果仍不清楚。因此，我们已经启动了一个多分析的方法来了解合成的纳米粒子与细菌系统的相互作用。这些努力最初集中在氧化铈纳米颗粒和模型细菌，以评估表征程序和这些材料在环境中的可能命运。革兰氏阴性种大肠杆菌和希瓦氏菌oneidensis，金属还原细菌，和革兰氏阳性种枯草芽孢杆菌的生长和活力进行了检查相对于氧化铈的粒径，生长介质，pH值，和剂量。水热合成方法用于制备限定尺寸的氧化铈纳米颗粒，以消除源自使用有机溶剂和表面活性剂的复杂性。通过MIC和CFU测量、纸片扩散试验和活/死试验确定杀菌效果。大肠coli和B. subtilis，观察到明显的菌株和大小依赖性抑制，而S. oneidensis似乎不受颗粒的影响。透射电子显微镜沿着基于微阵列的转录谱被用于理解细菌的反应机制。使用多种分析方法增加了毒性评估的信心，而使用不同的细菌系统则突出了纳米材料在环境中相互作用的潜在广泛影响。
Interest in engineered nanostructures has risen in recent years due to their use in energy conservation strategies and biomedicine. To ensure prudent development and use of nanomaterials, the fate and effects of such engineered structures on the environment should be understood. Interactions of nanomaterials with environmental microorganisms are inevitable, but the general consequences of such interactions remain unclear, due to a lack of standard methods for assessing such interactions. Therefore, we have initiated a multianalytical approach to understand the interactions of synthesized nanoparticles with bacterial systems. These efforts are focused initially on cerium oxide nanoparticles and model bacteria in order to evaluate characterization procedures and the possible fate of such materials in the environment. The growth and viability of the Gram-negative species Escherichia coli and Shewanella oneidensis, a metal-reducing bacterium, and the Gram-positive species Bacillus subtilis were examined relative to cerium oxide particle size, growth media, pH, and dosage. A hydrothermal synthesis approach was used to prepare cerium oxide nanoparticles of defined sizes in order to eliminate complications originating from the use of organic solvents and surfactants. Bactericidal effects were determined from MIC and CFU measurements, disk diffusion tests, and live/dead assays. For E. coli and B. subtilis, clear strain-and size-dependent inhibition was observed, whereas S. oneidensis appeared to be unaffected by the particles. Transmission electron microscopy along with microarray- based transcriptional profiling was used to understand the response mechanism of the bacteria. Use of multiple analytical approaches adds confidence to toxicity assessments, while the use of different bacterial systems highlights the potential wide-ranging effects of nanomaterial interactions in the environment.