Long COVID and financial outcomes: Evidence from four longitudinal population surveys
Long COVID and financial outcomes: Evidence from four longitudinal population surveys
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长期新冠疫情和财务结果：来自四项纵向人口调查的证据
DOI：
10.1101/2023.05.23.23290354
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rhead R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rhead R
背景 COVID-19（长期 COVID）的长期后遗症包括肌肉无力、疲劳、呼吸困难和数周或数月的睡眠障碍。使用英国纵向数据，我们评估了长期新冠病毒与金融混乱之间的关系。方法我们通过分析大流行第一年收集的四项纵向人口研究的数据，估计了长期新冠病毒（根据自我报告的 COVID-19 症状长度得出）与金融混乱指标（主观财务状况、新福利索赔、家庭收入变化）之间的关联。我们在对四个队列进行汇总分析时采用了修改后的泊松回归，调整了一系列潜在的混杂因素，包括大流行前（长期新冠肺炎）因素。结果在四项人口调查的 20 112 个观察结果中，13% 的人报告患有 COVID-19，并出现妨碍其正常功能能力的症状——10.7% 的人出现此类症状的时间小于 4 周（急性 COVID-19），1.2% 的人出现此类症状 持续 4-12 周（持续出现症状的 COVID-19），0.6% 的人出现此类症状超过 12 周（COVID-19 后综合症）。我们发现，COVID-19 后综合症与较差的主观财务状况（调整后相对风险比 (aRRR)=1.57，95% CI=1.25、1.96）和新的福利索赔（aRRR=1.79，CI=1.27，2.53）相关。不同性别和教育水平的关联大致相似。当按年龄衡量人口时，这些结果并没有发生有意义的改变。结论长期新冠肺炎与英国的金融混乱有关。如果我们的研究结果反映了因果效应，则可能有必要向长期感染新冠病毒的人提供就业保护和财政支持。
BackgroundLong-term sequelae of COVID-19 (long COVID) include muscle weakness, fatigue, breathing difficulties and sleep disturbance over weeks or months. Using UK longitudinal data, we assessed the relationship between long COVID and financial disruption.MethodsWe estimated associations between long COVID (derived using self-reported length of COVID-19 symptoms) and measures of financial disruption (subjective financial well-being, new benefit claims, changes in household income) by analysing data from four longitudinal population studies, gathered during the first year of the pandemic. We employed modified Poisson regression in a pooled analysis of the four cohorts adjusting for a range of potential confounders, including pre-pandemic (pre-long COVID) factors.ResultsAmong the 20 112 observations across four population surveys, 13% reported having COVID-19 with symptoms that impeded their ability to function normally—10.7% had such symptoms for <4 weeks (acute COVID-19), 1.2% had such symptoms for 4–12 weeks (ongoing symptomatic COVID-19) and 0.6% had such symptoms for >12 weeks (post-COVID-19 syndrome). We found that post-COVID-19 syndrome was associated with worse subjective financial well-being (adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRRs)=1.57, 95% CI=1.25, 1.96) and new benefit claims (aRRR=1.79, CI=1.27, 2.53). Associations were broadly similar across sexes and education levels. These results were not meaningfully altered when scaled to represent the population by age.ConclusionsLong COVID was associated with financial disruption in the UK. If our findings reflect causal effects, extending employment protection and financial support to people with long COVID may be warranted.
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