Accumulation characteristics and potential risk of heavy metals in soil-vegetable system under greenhouse cultivation condition in Northern China
Accumulation characteristics and potential risk of heavy metals in soil-vegetable system under greenhouse cultivation condition in Northern China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.02.032
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Cheng, Fangqin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fan, Yuan;Li, Hua;Cheng, Fangqin
温室蔬菜生产系统中的重金属污染日益受到公众健康的关注。以山西省北方设施蔬菜生产系统中的87个土壤和72个蔬菜样品为研究对象，研究了设施蔬菜生产系统中重金属的累积特征和潜在风险。结果表明：72.4%和35.5%的土壤样品中Cd和Pb含量超标，As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn含量均低于《土壤环境质量标准》（GB 15618 -1995）二级标准。近99%的Pb以残渣态存在，不能被蔬菜吸收。As、Cd、Zn以离子态、碳酸盐结合态和可交换态的比例分别为6.21%、13.71%和13.47%，相对高于其他金属（Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb）。As、Cr、Ni、Pb在叶菜类和果菜类蔬菜中的转移因子（TF）高于块茎类蔬菜。Cd在土壤中的总含量相对较低，有效态比例较高，在3种蔬菜中的迁移率相对较大。3种大棚蔬菜中Cr、Ni、Pb含量均超过国家食品安全标准限值。尤其是叶菜类和果菜类蔬菜中镍的危害商数（HQ）显著高于筒菜类蔬菜。总体而言，叶菜类和果菜类蔬菜的危害指数（HI）高于管菜类，且均大于1，表明通过果菜类和叶菜类蔬菜摄入重金属对人体健康的潜在危害较大。因此，为避免重金属通过食物链危害人体健康，在温室栽培中应实施相应的管理措施，尤其是应种植块茎类蔬菜，而不是叶果类蔬菜。(C)2017爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Heavy metal pollution in greenhouse vegetable production system is a growing concern for public health. In this study, 87 soil and 72 vegetable samples were collected from greenhouse vegetable production systems in Shanxi province, Northern China, aiming to evaluate the accumulation characteristics and potential risk of heavy metals in soil-vegetable system under greenhouse condition. The results showed that Cd and Pb concentrations in 72.4% and 35.5% of the soil samples were higher, while all of As, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn samples were lower than the Grade II value in Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-1995). Nearly 99% of the total amount Pb existed in the form of residual and could not be absorbed by vegetables. The proportions of As, Cd, Zn in ionic form, bound to carbonates and the exchangeable fraction were 6.21, 13.71, and 13.47% respectively, and were relatively higher than other metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb). The transfer factors (TF) of As, Cr, Ni, Pb were found to be higher in leaf and fruit vegetables than that in tuber vegetables. With a relatively low total concentration and high proportion of available form in soils, Cd showed relatively larger TF in three kinds of vegetables than other metals. The concentrations of Cr, Ni and Pb in three kinds of greenhouse vegetables exceeded the limit in national food safety standards. Especially, Ni in leaf and fruit vegetables showed significantly higher hazard quotient (HQ) than that in tube vegetables. Overall, leaf and fruit vegetables had a relatively higher hazard index (HI) than tube types, and exceeded 1, suggesting that there was larger potential health risk by ingestion of heavy metals through fruit and leaf vegetables. Thus, in order to avoid human body health endangered by heavy metals through the food chain, appropriate management measures should be implemented in greenhouse cultivation, especially tuber vegetables be cultivated instead of leaf and fruit types. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.