SEX AND SODIUM-INTAKE IN THE RAT
SEX AND SODIUM-INTAKE IN THE RAT
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DOI：
10.1037/0735-7044.106.1.172
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发表时间：
1992-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
EPSTEIN, AN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHOW, SY;SAKAI, RR;EPSTEIN, AN
雌性大鼠比雄性大鼠饮用更多的3% NaCl溶液，无论是在需要钠时（需要诱导的钠摄入或钠食欲）还是在不需要钠时（无需要的钠摄入）。钠摄入量的性别二态性是一种第二性征，因为在1日龄去势后，雄性大鼠在成年时以与处于无需要和有需要诱导状态的雌性大鼠相似的方式饮用3%NaCl，而给予长期新生儿睾酮的雌性大鼠每天在无需要的基础上饮用低的雄性样体积的3%NaCl，但它们对钠消耗的反应没有变化。钠摄入量的性别二态性似乎受睾酮的控制，睾酮在大脑中转化为雌激素，因为用非芳香化雄激素双氢睾酮治疗第1天去势雌性动物，未改变其无需要或需要诱导的3% NaCl摄入量。成年雄性和雌性大鼠的去势没有改变他们的钠消耗量。然而，当阉割的成年人接受睾酮，无需要的氯化钠摄入量抑制在两种性别，但抑制3%的氯化钠摄入量只发生在类固醇存在。外源性睾酮也降低了成年去势雌性动物的钠摄入量。因此，在阉割的成年人，无需要的摄入量积极抑制外源性睾酮在两种性别，而需要诱导的摄入量的氯化钠抑制只在女性。这些数据表明，大鼠的钠摄入是一种性二态行为，是由睾丸组织的，在成年期可以被睾酮积极抑制。
Female rats drink more 3% NaCl solution than do males, both when they need sodium (need-induced sodium intake or sodium appetite) and when they do not (need-free sodium intake). The sexual dimorphism of sodium intake is a secondary sexual characteristic because after castration at 1 day of age male rats drank 3% NaCl in adulthood in a manner similar to that of females in both the need-free and need-induced state, and females given long-term, neonatal testosterone drank low, malelike volumes of 3% NaCl on a daily need-free basis, but their response to sodium depletion was unchanged. This sexual dimorphism of sodium intake seems to be governed by testosterone that has been converted in the brain to estrogen because treatment of Day 1 castrated females with a nonaromatizable androgen, dihydrotestosterone, did not change either their need-free or their need-induced 3% NaCl intake. Castration in adulthood of male and female rats did not change their sodium consumption. However, when castrated adults received testosterone, need-free intakes of NaCl were suppressed in both sexes, but the suppression of 3% NaCl intake occurred only while the steroid was present. Exogenous testosterone also lowered the need-induced sodium intake of adult castrated females. Thus, in castrated adults, need-free intake was actively suppressed by exogenous testosterone in both sexes, whereas need-induced intake of NaCl was suppressed only in females. These data indicate that sodium intake in the rat is a sexually dimorphic behavior that is organized neonatally and can be actively suppressed in adulthood by testosterone.