Healthy gut microflora and allergy: factors influencing development of the microbiota
Healthy gut microflora and allergy: factors influencing development of the microbiota
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DOI：
10.3109/07853899908995892
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Gibson, GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirjavainen, PV;Gibson, GR
在人类中，肠道的微生物定植是在BIT之后开始的。但是，发展是正常的。菌群是一个渐进的过程，最初是由母体肠道微生物区系竞争、环境等因素决定的，也可能是由遗传因素决定的。许多变量，如卫生程度、给药方式、抗生素或其他药物的使用以及培养箱中护理的需要，都可能对微生物的定植和发育产生重大影响。目前对这种变化对婴儿健康的意义和影响的了解很少。然而，肠道微生物区系在肠道免疫系统发育中的重要作用表明，过敏反应与肠道微生物区系发育之间的密切关系可能发生在婴儿时期。肠道微生物可以通过平衡2型T辅助细胞反应和通过免疫球蛋白(Ig)A反应增强抗原排斥来下调过敏性炎症。益生菌(微生物食品添加剂)在管理食物过敏方面的有效性已经得到证明，这些数据表明，益生菌也可以用于这一目的，益生菌是针对某些本土肠道细菌的食品成分。结论：变态反应性婴儿肠道微生物区系的发育模式是一条重要的研究途径，因为肠道微生物区系在过敏机制中的作用，以及有效的细菌治疗的可能靶点目前尚不确定。
In humans, microbial colonization of the intestine begins just after bit th. However, development of the normal. flora is a gradual process, which is initially determined by factors such as competition of the maternal gut microflora, environment and possibly also by genetic aspects. A number of variables, such as the degree of hygiene, mode of delivery, use of antibiotics or other medication and a need for nursing in incubators, can all have a substantial effect on microbial colonization and development. Current knowledge on the significance and impact of such alterations on the health of the infant is poor. However, the essential role of the gut microflora in the development of the gut immune system indicates that a close-relationship between allergic sensitization and the development of the intestinal microflora may occur in infancy. Intestinal micro-organisms could down-regulate the allergic inflammation by counterbalancing type 2 T-helper cell responses and by enhancing antigen exclusion through an immunoglobulin (Ig)A response. The efficacy of probiotics (microbial food additions) in the management of food allergy has been demonstrated, and these data suggest that also prebiotics, food components that target certain indigenous gut bacteria, can possibly be used for this purpose. Pn conclusion, the developmental pattern off the normal gut microbiota in allergic infants poses an important research avenue, as the role of the gut microflora in the mechanisms of allergy, and thereby the possible targets for efficient bacteriotherapy, are currently undetermined.