Fitting the child's mind to the world: adaptive norm-based coding of facial identity in 8-year-olds
Fitting the child's mind to the world: adaptive norm-based coding of facial identity in 8-year-olds
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00706.x
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rhodes, Gillian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishimura, Mayu;Maurer, Daphne;Rhodes, Gillian
在成人中，面部身份是由相对于平均面孔或规范的对立过程编码的，正如面部身份后效应所证明的那样：适应面孔对相反身份的偏见感知，因此先前中性的面孔（例如平均面孔）与计算上相反的面孔的身份相似。我们调查了8岁的儿童是否使用自适应的基于规范的编码来表示面孔，这是一个有趣的问题，因为8岁儿童在识别面孔方面不如成年人准确，并且没有显示出成人的面部专业神经标记。我们在8岁儿童和成年人身上发现了类似的面部识别后遗症：两组人的身份感知都朝着基于规范的编码预测的方向转变。这一发现表明，到8岁时，用于编码面部身份的自适应计算机制与成人相似，因此，儿童在面部处理方面的不成熟源于另一个来源。
In adults, facial identity is coded by opponent processes relative to an average face or norm, as evidenced by the face identity aftereffect: adapting to a face biases perception towards the opposite identity, so that a previously neutral face (e.g. the average) resembles the identity of the computationally opposite face. We investigated whether children as young as 8 use adaptive norm-based coding to represent faces, a question of interest because 8-year-olds are less accurate than adults at recognizing faces and do not show the adult neural markers of face expertise. We found comparable face identity aftereffects in 8-year-olds and adults: perception of identity in both groups shifted in the direction predicted by norm-based coding. This finding suggests that, by 8 years of age, the adaptive computational mechanisms used to code facial identity are like those of adults and hence that children's immaturities in face processing arise from another source.