Habits as knowledge structures: Automaticity in goal-directed behavior
Habits as knowledge structures: Automaticity in goal-directed behavior
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.78.1.53
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Dijksterhuis, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aarts, H;Dijksterhuis, A
这项研究支持习惯是一种目标导向的自动行为。习惯在心理上表现为目标和行动之间的联系，这一观点得到了扩展，有人提出目标能够激活习惯性行动。更具体地说，当习惯建立时（例如，经常骑自行车去大学），目标的激活（例如，必须参加大学的讲座）自动地唤起习惯性反应（例如，自行车）。事实上，它被测试和证实，当行为是习惯性的，行为反应是自动激活的。此外，3个实验的结果表明：（a）习惯中的自动性是以主动目标的存在为条件的（参见，目标依赖性自动性; Bargh，1989），支持习惯在心理上表现为目标-行动联系的观点，以及（B）实施意图的形成（即，在目标和行动之间建立强有力的心理联系）可以模拟习惯中的目标导向的自动性。
This study rested the idea of habits as a form of goal-directed automatic behavior. Expanding on the idea that habits are mentally represented as associations between goals and actions, it was proposed that goals are capable of activating the habitual action. More specific, when habits are established (e.g., frequent cycling to the university), the very activation of the goal to act (e.g., having to attend lectures at the university) automatically evokes the habitual response (e.g., bicycle). Indeed, it was tested and confirmed that, when behavior is habitual, behavioral responses are activated automatically. in addition, the results of 3 experiments indicated that (a) the automaticity in habits is conditional on the presence of an active goal (cf. goal-dependent automaticity; J. A. Bargh, 1989), supporting the idea that habits are mentally represented as goal-action links, and (b) the formation of implementation intentions (i.e., the creation of a strong mental link between a goal and action) may simulate goal-directed automaticity in habits.