Genome-wide association analyses based on whole-genome sequencing of Protosalanx hyalocranius provide insights into sex determination of Salangid fishes
Genome-wide association analyses based on whole-genome sequencing of Protosalanx hyalocranius provide insights into sex determination of Salangid fishes
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基于原银鱼全基因组测序的全基因组关联分析为萨兰吉德鱼类的性别决定提供了见解
DOI：
10.1111/1755-0998.13172
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发表时间：
2020-05-22
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Liu, Jin-Xian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yu-Long;Xing, Teng-Fei;Liu, Jin-Xian
性别决定系统和性别决定基因的鉴定在保护、生态和进化等方面具有重要意义。然而，硬骨鱼类性别决定系统的进化仍有待进一步研究，其性别决定机制也存在很大差异。本研究对大银鱼Protosalanx hyalocranius的20个雄性和20个雌性的全基因组进行了测序，并进行了全基因组关联分析，以揭示大银鱼的性别决定系统和可能的性别决定基因。共发现150个与性别显著相关的SNPs，性别间差异显著（F-ST范围为0.245 ~ 0.556）。在150个与性别相关的SNPs中，有76个SNPs具有性别特异性，且深度覆盖均匀，为雌性异配型，提示存在ZZ/ZW性别决定系统。有趣的是，一个含有性别特异性SNP的支架显示出与青鳉性染色体的同线性。性别相关基因座的注释表明，两种转录调节因子（例如，FOX基因）和分泌激素及其受体可能参与了大熊猫的性别决定/分化。更引人注目的是，我们发现所有雌性的GALNT同源基因的一个拷贝中存在无义突变，这表明“Z剂量”效应可能在性别决定/分化过程中起重要作用。这些性别特异位点为银鱼性别决定的进一步研究提供了宝贵的资源，其结果将有助于对硬骨鱼性别决定机制和性染色体进化的理解。
Identification of sex determination system and sex-determining genes have important implications in conservation, ecology and evolution. However, much remains to be discovered about the evolution of different sexual determination systems in teleost fishes, of which the mechanisms of sex determination are remarkably variable. In the present study, the whole genomes of 20 males and 20 females of a Salangid fish, Protosalanx hyalocranius, were sequenced and genome wide association analyses were conducted to uncover its sex determination system and putative sex-determining genes. A total of 150 SNPs were significantly associated with sex, which showed high differentiation between sexes (F-ST ranged from 0.245 to 0.556). Of the 150 sex-associated SNPs, 76 SNPs displayed sex specificity with even coverage of depth and were female heterogametic, which suggested a ZZ/ZW sex determination system. Interestingly, one scaffold containing sex-specific SNPs displayed synteny to the sex chromosome of medaka. Annotations of sex-associated loci suggested that both transcriptional regulators (e.g., FOX genes) and secreted hormones and their receptors might be involved in the sex determination/differentiation of P. hyalocranius. More strikingly, we found a nonsense mutation in one copy of GALNT homology gene of all females, which suggested that "Z dosage" effect might play a vital role in the processes of sex determination/differentiation. These sex-specific loci could be a valuable resource for further research on sex determination of Salangid fishes and the results could contribute to the understanding of sex determination mechanisms and the evolution of sex chromosome in teleost fishes.