Changes in perceived neighborhood ethnic density among racial and ethnic minorities over time and psychotic-like experiences
Changes in perceived neighborhood ethnic density among racial and ethnic minorities over time and psychotic-like experiences
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2019.11.034
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Ellman, Lauren M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anglin, Deidre M.;Lui, Florence;Ellman, Lauren M.
背景：主要在欧洲进行的研究发现，较高的社区种族密度（即本族裔群体的比例）可以降低少数种族和族裔出现精神病症状的风险；然而，大多数研究仅在疾病发作时通过地理数据的粗略划分来衡量种族密度，这可能会错过从居民角度来看有意义的变化。本研究是美国第一项研究童年时期感知种族密度的变化是否与精神病样经历 (PLE) 有关的研究。方法：美国东北部。 1330 名种族和少数族裔的城市本科生样本完成了 PLE 的自我报告清单（前驱问卷），并表明了他们在 12 岁之前和之后的种族和族裔社区构成。根据年龄、家庭贫困、种族和族裔群体、移民身份以及终生大麻使用进行调整的协方差分析 (ANCOVA)，比较了不同种族密度类别和变化的 PLE。结果：在社区中长大的种族和族裔少数族裔（12 岁之前）占主导地位居住在不同肤色群体（例如，在以亚洲人为主的社区中是黑人）的人比在种族和谐、混血或以白人为主的社区长大的人更支持 PLE。此外，那些报告 12 岁之后感知到的社区种族密度发生变化的人比那些报告没有变化的人更认可 PLE。结论：美国城市社区中有色人种的种族动态。背景可能会在社会环境中造成心理挑战。社区人口变化的发展时间可能会影响压力过程，从而增加 PLE 的风险。 (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Background: Research primarily conducted in Europe find high neighborhood ethnic density (i.e., proportion of own ethnic group) lessens risk of psychotic symptoms among racial and ethnic minorities; however, most studies measure ethnic density through crude demarcations in geographic data only at illness onset which may miss meaningful variation from the perspective of residents. The present study is the first in the U.S. to examine whether changes in perceived ethnic density from childhood are associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLE).Methods: A Northeastern US. urban undergraduate sample of 1330 racial and ethnic minorities completed a self-report inventory of PLE, the Prodromal Questionnaire, and indicated their racial and ethnic neighborhood composition before and after age 12. One way analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for age, family poverty, racial and ethnic group, immigrant status, and lifetime cannabis use, compared PLE across ethnic density categories and change.Results: Racial and ethnic minorities who grew up in a neighborhood (before age 12) predominantly inhabited by a different group of color (e.g., being Black in a predominantly Asian neighborhood) endorsed significantly more PLE than those who grew up in racially concordant, mixed, or predominantly White neighborhoods. In addition, those reporting a change in perceived neighborhood ethnic density after age 12 endorsed significantly more PLE than those reporting no change.Conclusion: Racial dynamics among people of color in urban neighborhood US. contexts may create psychological challenges in the social environment. The developmental timing of demographic changes in neighborhoods may influence stress processes that enhance risk for PLE. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.