Sectoral Economies, Economic Contexts, and Attitudes toward Immigration.
Sectoral Economies, Economic Contexts, and Attitudes toward Immigration.
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部门经济、经济背景和对移民的态度。
DOI：
10.1017/s0022381612000849
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Donnelly,MichaelJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dancygier,RafaelaM;Donnelly,MichaelJ
经济因素会影响对移民的态度吗？在本文中，我们通过研究个人就业部门的发展如何影响这些观点来考虑经济利益和移民偏好之间的关系。利用 2002 年至 2009 年欧洲各国的调查数据，并采用行业层面移民风险敞口的新衡量标准，我们发现部门经济体塑造了人们对移民的看法。在增长行业就业的个人比在萎缩行业就业的个人更有可能支持移民。此外，经济背景也很重要：利用以2008年金融危机为代表的对国民经济的外生冲击，我们发现，当经济扩张时，部门层面的移民工人流入对偏好影响不大，但当经济状况恶化和对经济信心下降时，它们会抑制对移民的支持。即使在控制了当地人对移民对国民经济和文化影响的看法后，这些部门影响仍然存在。因此，在评估移民政策时，个人似乎会考虑他们的就业部门是否从移民中获得经济利益。
Do economic considerations shape attitudes toward immigration? In this article, we consider the relationship between economic interests and immigration preferences by examining how developments in individuals’ sectors of employment affect these views. Using survey data across European countries from 2002 to 2009 and employing new measures of industry-level exposure to immigration, we find that sectoral economies shape opinions about immigration. Individuals employed in growing sectors are more likely to support immigration than are those employed in shrinking sectors. Moreover, the economic context matters: making use of the exogenous shock to national economies represented by the 2008 financial crisis, we show that sector-level inflows of immigrant workers have little effect on preferences when economies are expanding, but that they dampen support for immigration when economic conditions deteriorate and confidence in the economy declines. These sectoral effects remain even when controlling for natives’ views about the impact of immigration on the national economy and culture. When evaluating immigration policy, individuals thus appear to take into account whether their sector of employment benefits economically from immigration.