Memory B Cells and Memory T Cells Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Booster Vaccination or Infection Show Different Dynamics and Responsiveness to the Omicron Variant
Memory B Cells and Memory T Cells Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Booster Vaccination or Infection Show Different Dynamics and Responsiveness to the Omicron Variant
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.2200525
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发表时间：
2022-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Yoshimura, Akihiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mise-Omata, Setsuko;Ikeda, Mari;Yoshimura, Akihiko
虽然BNT 162 b2疫苗接种产生的免疫记忆对严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）已经得到了很好的研究和建立，使用不同的种族队列的进一步信息是必要的，以了解整体免疫接种反应。我们评估了记忆B和T细胞对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型刺突蛋白的反应，在第三次加强免疫之前和之后，使用日本队列。尽管在第二次接种后8个月，针对刺突受体结合结构域（RBD）的Ab滴度显著降低，但记忆B细胞的数量继续增加，而记忆T细胞的数量缓慢降低。来自未接种疫苗的感染患者的记忆B和T细胞表现出相似的动力学。在第三次接种后，Ab滴度增加至第二次接种的水平，并且记忆B细胞在加强前以显著更高的水平增加，而记忆T细胞恢复至接近第二次接种水平。在记忆性T细胞中，CXCR 5 + CXCR 3 + CCR 62循环滤泡Th 1的频率与RBD特异性Ab分泌B细胞正相关。对于对变体RBD的应答，尽管60-80%的记忆B细胞可以结合omicron RBD，但它们的亲合力较低，而记忆T细胞对omicron spike显示出相等的应答。因此，记忆B和T细胞的持续存在将在omicron菌株感染后快速上调Ab产生和T细胞反应，从而防止由于冠状病毒疾病2019导致的严重疾病和死亡。免疫学杂志，2022，209：2104-2113。
Although the immunological memory produced by BNT162b2 vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been well studied and established, further information using different racial cohorts is necessary to understand the overall immunological response to vaccination. We evaluated memory B and T cell responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein before and after the third booster using a Japanese cohort. Although the Ab titer against the spike receptor -binding domain (RBD) decreased significantly 8 mo after the second vaccination, the number of memory B cells continued to increase, whereas the number of memory T cells decreased slowly. Memory B and T cells from unvaccinated infected patients showed similar kinetics. After the third vaccination, the Ab titer increased to the level of the second vaccination, and memory B cells increased at significantly higher levels before the booster, whereas memory T cells recovered close to the second vaccination levels. In memory T cells, the frequency of CXCR5+CXCR3+CCR62 circulating follicular Th1 was positively correlated with RBD-specific Ab-secreting B cells. For the response to variant RBDs, although 60-80% of memory B cells could bind to the omicron RBD, their avidity was low, whereas memory T cells show an equal response to the omicron spike. Thus, the persistent presence of memory B and T cells will quickly upregulate Ab production and T cell responses after omicron strain infection, which prevents severe illness and death due to coronavirus disease 2019. The Journal of Immunology, 2022, 209: 2104-2113.