Voice disorders in the general population: Prevalence, risk factors, and occupational impact
Voice disorders in the general population: Prevalence, risk factors, and occupational impact
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DOI：
10.1097/01.mlg.0000179174.32345.41
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Smith, EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roy, N;Merrill, RM;Smith, EM
目的：关于发声障碍在一般成人人群中的患病率和危险因素的流行病学研究很少。这项调查的目的是1)确定嗓音障碍的患病率，2)确定与嗓音障碍风险增加相关的变量，以及3)确定嗓音障碍对普通人群的功能影响。研究设计：横断面电话调查。方法：随机抽取爱荷华州和犹他州的1,326名成年人进行问卷调查，内容涉及与发声障碍有关的三个方面：患病率、潜在危险因素和职业后果/影响。结果。发声障碍的终生患病率为29.9%，6.6%的参与者报告当前有发声障碍。逐步Logistic回归确定了导致报告慢性嗓音障碍几率增加的特定因素，包括性别(女性)、年龄(40-59岁)、发声方式和需求、食道返流、化学暴露以及频繁的感冒/鼻窦感染。然而，吸烟或饮酒并不独立地增加报告慢性语音障碍的几率。嗓音障碍对工作表现和出勤率产生了不利影响，4.3%的参与者表示，他们的嗓音受到限制，或使他们无法在目前的工作中完成某些任务。此外，7.2%的受雇受访者报告称，他们在过去一年中因声音原因缺勤1天或更多，2%的人报告与声音相关的缺勤超过4天。结论：这项大型流行病学研究的结果提供了有关嗓音障碍的流行率、导致嗓音障碍易感性的因素以及嗓音问题对普通人群的功能影响的宝贵信息。
Objectives: Epidemiologic studies of the prevalence and risk factors of voice disorders in the general adult population are rare. The purpose of this investigation was to 1) determine the prevalence of voice disorders, 2) identify variables associated with increased risk of voice disorders, and 3) establish the functional impact of voice disorders on the general population. Study Design: Cross-sectional telephone survey. Methods: A random sample (n = 1,326) of adults in Iowa and Utah was interviewed using a questionnaire that addressed three areas related to voice disorders: prevalence, potential risk factors, and occupational consequences/effects. Results. The lifetime prevalence of a voice disorder was 29.9%, with 6.6% of participants reporting a current voice disorder. Stepwise logistic regression identified specific factors that uniquely contributed to increased odds of reporting a chronic voice disorder including sex (women), age (40-59 years), voice use patterns and demands, esophageal reflux, chemical exposures, and frequent cold/sinus infections. However, tobacco or alcohol use did not independently increase the odds of reporting of a chronic voice disorder. Voice disorders adversely impacted job performance and attendance, with 4.3% of participants indicating that their voice had limited or rendered them unable to do certain tasks in their current job. Furthermore, 7.2% of employed respondents reported that they were absent from work 1 or more days in the past year because of their voice, and 2% reported more than 4 days of voice-related absence. Conclusions: The results of this large epidemiologic study provide valuable information regarding the prevalence of voice disorders, factors that contribute to voice disorder vulnerability, and the functional impact of voice problems on the general population.