CONTROLLED AND AUTOMATIC HUMAN INFORMATION-PROCESSING .1. DETECTION, SEARCH, AND ATTENTION
CONTROLLED AND AUTOMATIC HUMAN INFORMATION-PROCESSING .1. DETECTION, SEARCH, AND ATTENTION
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.84.1.1
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
SHIFFRIN, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHNEIDER, W;SHIFFRIN, RM
提出了一种人类信息处理的双过程理论，并将其应用于检测、搜索和注意现象。自动处理是激活长期记忆中学习到的一系列元素，这些元素由适当的输入启动，然后自动进行——不需要S控制，不强调系统的容量限制，也不需要注意。受控处理是对一系列元素的临时激活，这些元素可以快速轻松地设置，但需要注意，是能力有限的（通常是串行的），并由s控制。一系列研究，大约8s，使用反应时间和精度测量，通过检测，搜索和注意领域以自动检测和控制搜索的形式跟踪这些概念。这些领域的结果显示是由共同的机制产生的。在试验中，自动检测显示出刺激到反应的一致映射。控制搜索在变映射范式中得到了应用，在目前的研究中，控制搜索采用了串行、终止搜索的形式。（60 ref）（PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
A 2-process theory of human information processing is proposed and applied to detection, search, and attention phenomena. Automatic processing is activation of a learned sequence of elements in long-term memory that is initiated by appropriate inputs and then proceeds automatically--without S control, without stressing the capacity limitations of the system, and without necessarily demanding attention. Controlled processing is a temporary activation of a sequence of elements that can be set up quickly and easily but requires attention, is capacity-limited (usually serial in nature), and is controlled by the S. A series of studies, with approximately 8 Ss, using both reaction time and accuracy measures is presented, which traces these concepts in the form of automatic detection and controlled search through the areas of detection, search, and attention. Results in these areas are shown to arise from common mechanisms. Automatic detection is shown to develop following consistent mapping of stimuli to responses over trials. Controlled search was utilized in varied-mapping paradigms, and in the present studies, it took the form of serial, terminating search.(60 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)