Asymmetrical Generalization of Conditioning and Extinction From Compound to Element and Element to Compound
Asymmetrical Generalization of Conditioning and Extinction From Compound to Element and Element to Compound
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0029726
复制
发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vurbic, Drina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouton, Mark E.;Doyle-Burr, Caleb;Vurbic, Drina
四个食欲条件反射实验研究了复合条件刺激（AB）及其成分（如A或B）之间的泛化。在实验1和实验2中，大鼠先接受A和AB的条件反射，然后再接受A或AB的消退。在随后的测试中，化合物（AB）对元素(A)的消退（无反应）比元素(A)对化合物（AB）的消退（无反应）更普遍。这种不对称性与之前关于时间分辨学习的结果一致，即短时间间隔和长时间间隔分别扮演A和AB的角色。在实验3中，大鼠先接受A或AB的条件反射，然后再接受A和AB的测试。从A到AB的条件反应泛化程度高于从AB到A的条件反应泛化程度。实验4发现，消灭（实验1和2）和条件反射（实验3）泛化的不对称性都有助于特征积极效应的产生。总的来说，当前的研究结果与之前的时间辨别学习结果之间的相似性支持了间隔时间的关联分析。对条件作用和泛化的基本理论和构形理论的含义也进行了讨论。
Four appetitive conditioning experiments studied generalization between compound conditional stimuli (AB) and their elements (e.g., A or B). In Experiments 1 and 2, rats received conditioning with A and AB, and then extinction with either A or AB. During subsequent testing, there was more generalization of extinction (nonresponding) from the compound (AB) to the element (A) than from the element (A) to the compound (AB). This asymmetry was consistent with earlier results involving temporal discrimination learning in which short and long temporal intervals played the roles of A and AB. In Experiment 3, rats received conditioning with either A or AB, and then testing with A and AB. Consistent with elemental models of conditioning, there was more generalization of conditioned responding from A to AB than from AB to A. Experiment 4 found that these asymmetries in the generalization of extinction (Experiments 1 and 2) and conditioning (Experiment 3) both contribute to the feature-positive effect. Overall, the parallel between the current findings and previous results with temporal discrimination learning supports an associative analysis of interval timing. Implications for elemental and configural theories of conditioning and generalization are also discussed.