Flavor-nutrient learning in restrained and unrestrained eaters
Flavor-nutrient learning in restrained and unrestrained eaters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.016
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发表时间：
2007-01-30
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mitchell, Gemma L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brunstrom, Jeffrey M.;Mitchell, Gemma L.
在我们吃了一种新奇的食物之后，它的感官特征（例如，味道特性）和它对身体的影响（奖励）之间可以形成一种联系。这种关联是我们日常饮食行为的基础，因为它们既调节了食物的情感质量（口味偏好组合），也调节了我们选择消费的数量（组合饱腹感）。尽管如此，很少有研究成功地证明了成人饮食组合的过程。此外，基于相关研究的证据，我们探讨了在饮食限制方面得分较高的个体中，团队合作是否更不可能发生。女性参与者（N=44）吃了两种不同口味的甜点。每一项都在不同的日子里进行了三次展示。一种是高能量含量（1882 kJ），另一种是低能量含量（226 kJ）。在训练之后，我们几乎没有发现习得性饱足的证据。然而，我们确实观察到口味偏好团队。具体来说，在训练期间，参与者获得了更大的喜欢和渴望吃甜点的味道，与更高的能量密度配对。进一步的分析表明，这种对喜好的影响是通过饮食限制来限定的。正如预测的那样，不受约束的食客比受约束的食客对这两种甜点的反应差异更大。这些数据为成年人的口味-营养组合提供了进一步的证据，它们突出了迄今为止未被探索的、可能重要的差异。(c) 2006爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
After we consume a novel food an association can form between its sensory characteristics (e.g., taste properties) and the effect it has on the body (rewarding). Associations of this kind underpin much of our everyday dietary behavior because they mediate both the affective quality of food (flavor-preference teaming) and the amount that we choose to consume (teaming satiation). Notwithstanding this fact, very few studies have successfully demonstrated the process of dietary teaming in human adults. In addition, based on evidence from related research, we explored whether teaming is less likely to occur in individuals who have high scores on a measure of dietary restraint. Female participants (N=44) consumed two differently flavored desserts. Each was presented three times on separate days. One was formulated with a high-energy content (1882 kJ) and the other with a low-energy content (226 kJ). After training, we found little evidence for learned satiation. However, we did observe flavor-preference teaming. Specifically, participants acquired a greater liking and desire-to-eat the dessert flavor that was paired with a higher energy density during training. Further analysis revealed that this effect on liking is qualified by dietary restraint. As predicted, unrestrained eaters demonstrated greater differential responding to the two desserts than did restrained eaters. These data provide further evidence for flavor-nutrient teaming in adults and they highlight a hitherto unexplored and potentially important difference between restrained and unrestrained eaters. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.