Evidence for shallow cognitive maps in schizophrenia.
Evidence for shallow cognitive maps in schizophrenia.
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精神分裂症浅层认知图的证据。
DOI：
10.1101/2024.02.26.582214
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reagh,ZachariahM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karagoz,AtaB;Moran,ErinK;Barch,DeannaM;Kool,Wouter;Reagh,ZachariahM
精神分裂症患者在目标导向决策方面可能存在明显缺陷。关于精神分裂症（SZ）是否影响认知控制的能力或控制的动机，主要的理论存在分歧。另一种解释是，精神分裂症对认知地图的形成产生了负面影响，认知地图是对世界结构方式的内部表征，是形成有效行动计划所必需的。也就是说，当目标导向的控制和动机完好无损，但用于在不合理的地图上进行规划时，决策缺陷可能会出现。我们检验了患有SZ的个体在构建认知地图方面受损的假设。我们将行为表征相似性分析技术与顺序决策任务相结合。这使我们能够研究当SZ个体和年龄匹配的健康对照构建任务结构的认知地图时，选择选项之间的关系是如何变化的。我们的研究结果表明，SZ影响人们如何表征任务的结构，更关注简单的视觉特征，而较少关注抽象的、高阶的、与计划相关的特征。同时，我们发现与对照组相比，患有SZ的个体在这项任务上能够表现出相似的表现，这强调了在理解精神分裂症的认知缺陷时，需要区分认知地图的形成和目标导向控制的变化。
Individuals with schizophrenia can have marked deficits in goal-directed decision making. Prominent theories differ in whether schizophrenia (SZ) affects the ability to exert cognitive control or the motivation to exert control. An alternative explanation is that schizophrenia negatively impacts the formation of cognitive maps, the internal representations of the way the world is structured, necessary for the formation of effective action plans. That is, deficits in decision-making could arise when goal-directed control and motivation are intact but used to plan over ill-formed maps. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with SZ are impaired in constructing cognitive maps. We combine a behavioral representational similarity analysis technique with a sequential decision-making task. This enables us to examine how relationships between choice options change when individuals with SZ and healthy age-matched controls build a cognitive map of the task structure. Our results indicate that SZ affects how people represent the structure of the task, focusing more on simpler visual features and less on abstract, higher-order, planning-relevant features. At the same time, we find that individuals with SZ were able to display similar performance on this task compared with controls, emphasizing the need for a distinction between cognitive map formation and changes in goal-directed control in understanding cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.