Incidence of dart shooting, sperm delivery, and sperm storage in natural populations of the simultaneously hermaphroditic land snail Arianta arbustorum
Incidence of dart shooting, sperm delivery, and sperm storage in natural populations of the simultaneously hermaphroditic land snail Arianta arbustorum
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DOI：
10.1139/cjz-78-10-1767
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baur, B
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文献类型：
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作者：
Baminger, H;Locher, R;Baur, B
在几个陆栖肺类家族中，两性动物同时在其生殖器官的雌性部分形成锋利、坚硬、钙化或几丁质的结构(所谓的爱情飞镖)。在求爱过程中，飞镖被用来刺穿交配伙伴的身体。这种特殊行为的适应意义仍鲜为人知。我们研究了奥地利阿尔卑斯山三个自然种群同时两性的陆地蜗牛Arianta arbustorum的飞镖射击、自体受精和同种异体精子储存。86只交配钉螺中有26只(30.2%)使用了飞镖。飞镖射击的频率往往在不同的种群之间有所不同。在飞镖射击中没有互惠：个体独立于交配伙伴的行为而射击飞镖。精子量52.2万~4238000个，平均1706000个。飞镖射击的发生与射出的精子数量和从伴侣那里获得的精子数量无关。飞镖射击的发生不受两个种群中飞镖射手受精囊中储存的前次交配的同种精子数量的影响。然而，在第三个种群中，射镖的人比不射箭的人在受精囊中储存了更多的同种异体精子。收到的精子数量与捐赠者的大小或接受者的大小没有相关性，这表明蜗牛不会将更多的精子分配给体型较大的伴侣。实验结果表明，在实验室条件下交配的蜗牛与在野外交配的蜗牛在射镖频率上没有差异。
In several families of terrestrial pulmonates, simultaneously hermaphroditic animals form a sharp, hard, calcified or chitinous structure (the so-called love dart) in the female part of their reproductive organs. The dart is used to pierce the body of the mating partner during courtship. The adaptive significance of this peculiar behaviour is still little understood. We examined dart shooting, autosperm delivery, and allosperm storage in three natural populations of the simultaneously hermaphroditic land snail Arianta arbustorum in the Austrian Alps. Twenty-six (30.2%) of 86 copulating snails used their dart. The frequency of dart shooting tended to vary among populations. There was no reciprocity in dart shooting: individuals shot their dart independently of the behaviour of the mating partner. The number of spermatozoa delivered ranged from 522 000 to 4 238 000 (mean 1 706 000). The occurrence of dart shooting was related to neither the number of sperm delivered nor the number received from the partner. The occurrence of dart shooting was not influenced by the amount of allosperm from previous matings stored in the spermatheca of the dart shooters in two populations. In the third population, however, dart shooters had stored more allosperm in their spermatheca than non-shooters. The number of sperm received was not correlated with the size of the donor or the size of the recipient, indicating that snails do not allocate more sperm to larger partners. Experimental results showed that snails which mated under laboratory conditions did not differ in dart-shooting frequency from snails which mated in the wild.