Reliability and validity of a new instrument to measure tolerance of everyday risk for children
Reliability and validity of a new instrument to measure tolerance of everyday risk for children
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01414.x
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Bundy, A. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hill, A.;Bundy, A. C.
少量的日常风险为儿童提供了扩展其能力极限的机会。然而，越来越负面的风险观念导致了成年人的风险规避行为，包括严重限制儿童的游戏。成人对游戏风险的容忍程度会影响儿童的生活和经历。然而，成人对日常风险的容忍度尚无衡量标准。本研究的目的是开发一种有效和可靠的工具来检查成人在儿童玩耍时的风险容忍度。方法基于挪威风险游戏模型，制定了一项31项风险承受能力调查；100名3至13岁儿童的家长和老师完成了乐器制作。数据进行Rasch分析。对数据的心理测量特性进行了检验。结果拟合优度统计在可接受范围内，具有逻辑项目层次，人分离指数为>2，信度指数为0.87。参与者的自我感知风险容忍度与量表得分之间，以及孩子的年龄与量表得分之间存在强烈的正相关关系。结论游戏风险容忍量表（TRiPS）提供了有效可靠的数据，用于衡量改变成人日常风险信念的干预措施的成功程度，并用于探索成人风险容忍对儿童游戏和发展的影响。
BackgroundA modicum of everyday risk provides opportunities for children to extend the limits of their competence. However, increasingly negative perceptions of risk have led to risk-averse behaviours in adults, including severely restricting children's play. The degree to which risk in play is tolerated by adults impacts on the lives and experiences of children. However, no measure of adult tolerance to everyday risk exists. The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument examining adults' tolerances of risk during children's play.MethodsA 31-item survey of risk tolerance was developed based on a Norwegian model of risky play; 100 parents and teachers of children aged 3 to 13 years completed the instrument. Data were subjected to Rasch analysis. Psychometric properties of the data were examined.ResultsIterative analyses produced an instrument with goodness of fit statistics in the acceptable range, a logical item hierarchy, person separation index >2 and reliability index of 0.87. There was a strong positive relationship between participants' self-perceived risk tolerance and scores on the instrument, and between the age of the child and scores on the instrument.ConclusionsThe Tolerance of Risk in Play Scale (TRiPS) yields valid and reliable data for measuring the success of interventions to change adults' everyday risk beliefs, and for exploring the impact of adults' risk tolerance on children's play and development.