Activity of three muscles associated with the uncinate processes of the giant Canada goose Branta canadensis maximus
Activity of three muscles associated with the uncinate processes of the giant Canada goose Branta canadensis maximus
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.01489
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Carrier, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Codd, JR;Boggs, DF;Carrier, DR
采用贴片电极和缝穿电极对加拿大鹅（Giant Canada Goose）在坐姿、站立位和中速跑台上的3块钩突相关肌肉（i）肋间外肌、（ii）肋上肌和（iii）外斜肌的活动进行了研究。外部肋间肌没有表现出呼吸活动，仅在跑步时活跃，这表明它们在躯干稳定中发挥了一定作用。上肋肌和外斜肌是呼吸肌，分别在吸气和呼气期间活动。在坐着时，上肋肌的活动增加，这表明鸟的钩突在促进胸骨摇摆时防止肋骨笼的侧向张开方面起着重要作用。我们认为，钩突在鸟类呼吸过程中促进肋骨和胸骨的运动，因此是鸟类呼吸力学不可或缺的。
The activity of three muscles associated with the uncinate processes, (i) external intercostal, (ii) appendicocostalis and (iii) external oblique, were examined using patch and sew-through electrodes during sitting, standing and moderate speed treadmill running in the giant Canada goose. The external intercostal muscles demonstrated no respiratory activity, being active only during running, suggesting they play some role in trunk stabilisation. The appendicocostalis and external oblique muscles are respiratory muscles, being active during inspiration and expiration, respectively. The activity of the appendicocostalis muscles increased during sitting, suggesting that the uncinate processes in birds play an important role in facilitating lateral flaring of the rib cage when sternal rocking is prevented. We suggest that the uncinate processes in birds facilitate movements of the ribs and sternum during breathing and therefore are integral to the breathing mechanics of birds.