TUBERCULOSIS CAUSED BY MYCOBACTERIUM ORYGIS IN A GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS (RHINOCEROS UNICORNIS): FIRST REPORT IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE
TUBERCULOSIS CAUSED BY MYCOBACTERIUM ORYGIS IN A GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS (RHINOCEROS UNICORNIS): FIRST REPORT IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE
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大独角犀 (Rhinoceros UNICORNIS) 中由米分枝杆菌引起的结核病：西半球的第一份报告
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
J. Ramer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Love;M. Garner;K. Lyashchenko;Alina Sikar;D. Bradway;S. Robbe;Michele A. Miller;J. Ramer
摘要：米分枝杆菌是新近发现的结核分枝杆菌复合体成员，主要从东非和阿拉伯半岛的马蹄中分离，在南亚的牛(Bos Taurus Indus)、恒河猴(Macaca Mulatta)、人和一种大独角犀牛(Rhinoceros Unicoris)中也有零星分布。在犀牛身上，肺结核通常表现为一种慢性进行性呼吸道疾病。该报告描述了一只大独角犀牛因神经肉芽肿导致后肢瘫痪的米支杆菌引起的结核病的尸检诊断。在培养结果之前检测结核分枝杆菌复合蛋白抗体的血清学分析允许启动适当的牛群管理方案。直接测序的分枝杆菌属特异性聚合酶链式反应分析可以及时确认血清学结果。这是西半球第一次分离到米氏杆菌，表明在国际运输之前对犀牛进行分枝杆菌检测的必要性，以及在犀牛物种中验证生前结核分枝杆菌复合体筛查试验的紧迫性。
Abstract: Mycobacterium orygis, a newly identified member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, has been isolated predominantly from hoofstock in eastern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, and sporadically in cattle (Bos taurus indicus), rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), humans, and a greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) in South Asia. In rhinoceros, tuberculosis typically presents as a chronic progressive respiratory disease. The report describes the postmortem diagnosis of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium orygis in a greater one-horned rhinoceros with hind limb paresis due to neural granulomatosis. Serologic assays for detection of antibodies to M. tuberculosis complex proteins before culture results allowed for appropriate herd management protocols to be initiated. Mycobacterium genus–specific polymerase chain reaction assays with direct sequencing allowed timely confirmation of the serologic results. This is the first isolation of M. orygis in the western hemisphere, showing the need for mycobacterial testing of rhinoceros before international shipments and the urgency for validated antemortem M. tuberculosis complex screening assays in rhinoceros species.