Discrimination of threat cues without awareness in anxiety states.
Discrimination of threat cues without awareness in anxiety states.
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在焦虑状态下无意识地辨别威胁线索。
DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.95.2.131
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
C. MacLeod
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Mathews;C. MacLeod
以往的研究表明，焦虑状态的特征可能是与处理与个人危险有关的信息有关的认知图式的激活。本研究的目的是调查是否差异的方式，有关危险的信息处理取决于自愿注意威胁线索，或在无意识的情况下可能发生的非自愿过程。受试者抱怨广泛性焦虑状态（和nonanxious控制）的阴影中的两耳分听任务的中性通道，同时暴露于威胁非威胁相关的话在无人值守的通道。当无人看管的单词在内容上具有威胁性时，受试者在执行同步反应时间任务时会变慢，尽管这两组受试者都不能报告或识别他们所接触的单词。这一发现被解释为确认的建议，即威胁线索处理不同的焦虑和nonanxious个人，并显示这种效果取决于前注意的偏见操作之前的意识。
Previous research has suggested that anxiety states may be characterized by the activation of cognitive schemata concerned with the processing of information related to personal danger. The present study was designed to investigate whether differences in the way that information related to danger is processed depend on voluntary attention to threat cues, or on involuntary processes that may occur in the absence of awareness. Subjects complaining of generalized anxiety states (and nonanxious controls) shadowed neutral passages in a dichotic listening task while simultaneously being exposed to threator non-threat-related words in the unattended channel. Anxious, but not control, subjects were slower in performing a simultaneous reaction time task when the unattended words were threatening in content, although neither group could report on or recognize the words to which they had been exposed. This finding was interpreted as confirming the suggestion that threat cues are processed differently by anxious and nonanxious individuals, and as showing that this effect depends on a preattentive bias operating prior to awareness.