Sodium Superionic Conductors (NASICONs) as Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries
Sodium Superionic Conductors (NASICONs) as Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries
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DOI：
10.1007/s41918-021-00120-8
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
31.3
通讯作者：
Qingbo Zhou;Linlin Wang;Wenyao Li;Kangning Zhao;Minmin Liu;Qian Wu;Yujie Yang;Guanjie He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qingbo Zhou;Linlin Wang;Wenyao Li;Kangning Zhao;Minmin Liu;Qian Wu;Yujie Yang;Guanjie He
钠离子电池（SIB）由于钠的天然丰度高、分布广和成本低而得到迅速发展。在用于SIB的各种材料中，基于钠超离子导体（NASICON）的电极材料具有显著的结构稳定性和高离子电导率，是用于钠存储电极的最有前途的候选者之一。然而，这些材料相对较低的电子电导率使它们显示出较差的电化学性能，显著限制了它们的实际应用。近年来，通过用导电碳层涂覆活性材料、减小阴极材料的尺寸、将阴极材料与各种碳材料组合以及在体相中掺杂元素，已经广泛地研究了增强NASICON基阴极材料的固有导电性的策略。本文综述了NASICON基SIB阴极材料的合成、表征、功能机理和性能验证/优化等方面的最新进展。分析了该类SIB正极材料的优缺点，重点介绍了电极结构与电化学性能的关系以及提高其导电性和结构稳定性的策略。分析了NASICON基阴极材料在SIB性能方面面临的一些技术挑战，并提出了未来的研究方向，以克服实际应用中的挑战。
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have developed rapidly owing to the high natural abundance, wide distribution, and low cost of sodium. Among the various materials used in SIBs, sodium superion conductor (NASICON)-based electrode materials with remarkable structural stability and high ionic conductivity are one of the most promising candidates for sodium storage electrodes. Nevertheless, the relatively low electronic conductivity of these materials makes them display poor electrochemical performance, significantly limiting their practical application. In recent years, the strategies of enhancing the inherent conductivity of NASICON-based cathode materials have been extensively studied through coating the active material with a conductive carbon layer, reducing the size of the cathode material, combining the cathode material with various carbon materials, and doping elements in the bulk phase. In this paper, we review the recent progress in the development of NASICON-based cathode materials for SIBs in terms of their synthesis, characterization, functional mechanisms, and performance validation/optimization. The advantages and disadvantages of such SIB cathode materials are analyzed, and the relationship between electrode structures and electrochemical performance as well as the strategies for enhancing their electrical conductivity and structural stability is highlighted. Some technical challenges of NASICON-based cathode materials with respect to SIB performance are analyzed, and several future research directions are also proposed for overcoming the challenges toward practical applications.Graphic Abstract