Critical mass for infinite-time aggregation in a chemotaxis model with indirect signal production

Critical mass for infinite-time aggregation in a chemotaxis model with indirect signal production
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具有间接信号产生的趋化模型中无限时间聚集的临界质量

DOI:
10.4171/jems/749
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发表时间:
2016-08
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Michael Winkler
Michael Winkler
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Youshan Tao;Michael Winkler

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本文研究了一类趋化系统$$ \left\{\开始{array}{ll} u_t= \Delta u - \nabla \cdot(u\nabla v),& x\in \Omega,\,t>0,0=\Delta v - \mu(t)+w,& x\in \Omega,\,t>0,\tau w_t + \delta w = u,& x\in \Omega,\,t>0,\end{array} \right的Neumann初边值问题. \qquad \qquad(\星星)$$在单位圆盘$\Omega:=B_1(0)\subset \R^2$中,其中$\delta\ge 0$和$\tau>0$是给定的参数,$\mu(t):=\mint_\Omega w(x,t)dx$,$t>0$。它表明,这个问题表现出一种新的类型的临界质量的现象,关于奇点的形成,这与经典的Keller-Segel系统的众所周知的阈值性质,如正式采取$\tau\0$后获得的,在它是指在无限时间,而不是在有限时间爆破有很大不同:具体地说,首先证明了对于任意充分正则的非负初值u_0 $和w_0 $,($\星星$)具有唯一的整体经典解.特别是,这表明,在鲜明的对比,经典的凯勒-西格尔型系统反映直接的信号分泌的细胞本身,间接机制的信号产生($\星星$)完全排除了任何发生爆破在有限的时间。然而,在径向对称解的框架内,接下来证明了只要$\delta>0$和$\io u_0 8\pi\delta$,就可以找到初始数据,使得$\io u_0=m$,并且对于相应的解,我们有\bas \|u(\cdot,t)\|_{L^\infty(\Omega)} \to \infty \qquad \mbox{as} t\to\infty。
We study the Neumann initial-boundary problem for the chemotaxis system $$ \left\{\begin{array}{ll} u_t= \Delta u - \nabla \cdot (u\nabla v), & x\in \Omega, \, t>0, 0=\Delta v - \mu(t)+w, & x\in \Omega, \, t>0, \tau w_t + \delta w = u, & x\in \Omega, \, t>0, \end{array} \right. \qquad \qquad (\star) $$ in the unit disk $\Omega:=B_1(0)\subset \R^2$, where $\delta\ge 0$ and $\tau>0$ are given parameters and $\mu(t):=\mint_\Omega w(x,t)dx$, $t>0$. It is shown that this problem exhibits a novel type of critical mass phenomenon with regard to the formation of singularities, which drastically differs from the well-known threshold property of the classical Keller-Segel system, as obtained upon formally taking $\tau\to 0$, in that it refers to blow-up in infinite time rather than in finite time: Specifically, it is first proved that for any sufficiently regular nonnegative initial data $u_0$ and $w_0$, ($\star$) possesses a unique global classical solution. In particular, this shows that in sharp contrast to classical Keller-Segel-type systems reflecting immediate signal secretion by the cells themselves, the indirect mechanism of signal production in ($\star$) entirely rules out any occurrence of blow-up in finite time. However, within the framework of radially symmetric solutions it is next proved that whenever $\delta>0$ and $\io u_0 8\pi\delta$, one can find initial data such that $\io u_0=m$, and such that for the corresponding solution we have \bas \|u(\cdot,t)\|_{L^\infty(\Omega)} \to \infty \qquad \mbox{as} t\to\infty.
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