‘Everyone was questioning everything’: understanding the derailing impact of undercover policing on the lives of UK environmentalists
‘Everyone was questioning everything’: understanding the derailing impact of undercover policing on the lives of UK environmentalists
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“每个人都在质疑一切”：了解卧底警务对英国环保人士生活的脱轨影响
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nathan Stephens Griffin
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作者：
Nathan Stephens Griffin
摘要从1968年到2011年，超过150名卧底警察（间谍警察）秘密渗透到英国1000多个政治团体，其中大部分是左倾的。卧底人员实施了一系列有害做法，包括欺骗妇女进行性行为;在卧底期间养育子女;积极参与犯罪活动并充当间谍;以虚假身份出庭，从而导致可能的司法不公，以及在未经家人同意的情况下使用死亡儿童的身份。基于定性，传记采访间谍的环保主义者，本文探讨了卧底警务对英国活动家的生活的影响。它认为，除了记录在案的间谍警察造成的伤害和创伤外，还可以确定另外三个方面的影响。这些是本体论的不确定性，活动家对固定和稳定的外部现实的概念从根本上受到挑战;脱轨，活动家在间谍警察曝光之前和之后以各种不同的方式偏离环保主义，包括转向反国家监视行动主义;最后，弹性，活动家在面对严重侵犯人权行为时的代理是显而易见的。文章认为，脱轨的概念可以帮助概念化的寒蝉效应的国家入侵到行动主义，同时也占那些谁保持他们的行动主义后的启示。
ABSTRACT Between 1968 and 2011, over 150 undercover police officers (spycops) covertly infiltrated more than 1000 political groups in the UK, a large majority of which were left leaning . Undercover officers perpetrated a range of harmful practices including deceiving women into sex; fathering children whilst undercover ; active participation in criminality & acting as agent provocateurs; appearing in court under false identities thus contributing to potential miscarriages of justice, as well as using the identities of dead children without obtaining consent from families. Based on qualitative, biographical interviews with spied-on environmentalists, this article explores the impact of undercover policing on the lives of UK activists. It argues that, in addition to the documented harm and trauma caused by spycops, three further dimensions of impact can be identified. These are ontological uncertainty, whereby activists conceptions of a fixed and stable external reality are fundamentally challenged; derailing, whereby activists were diverted away from environmentalism in a number of different ways both pre and post-exposure of spycops, including diversions into anti-state surveillance activism; and finally, resilience, whereby the agency of activists in the face of egregious human rights abuses is evident. The article argues that the concept of derailing can help to conceptualise the chilling effect of state incursions into activism, whilst also accounting for those who maintained their activism following the revelations.