Semantic preview benefit in reading English: The effect of initial letter capitalization.
Semantic preview benefit in reading English: The effect of initial letter capitalization.
复制标题
语义预览的阅读英语益处：首字母大写的效果。
DOI：
10.1037/a0036763
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schotter ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rayner K;Schotter ER
阅读研究中的一个主要争议是，语义信息是否是从当前注视词（词n+1）右边的词中获得的。虽然大多数证据在英语中是负面的，但在汉语和德语的读者中观察到了语义预览的好处。在本实验中，我们调查是否英语和德语之间的差异可能是由于视觉特性的正字法的差异：一个名词的第一个字母总是大写的德语，但只是偶尔大写的英语。这种视觉上显著的属性可以在旁视预览期间吸引对单词的更多注意，并且因此通常增加预览益处（并且导致语义预览益处的更大机会）。我们使用的英语目标名词既可以大写（例如，我们在度假时去了广受好评的巴黎芭蕾舞团。）或不（例如，我们去看了在巴黎上演的广受好评的芭蕾舞剧。）并相应地操纵预览的大写，以确定大写是否调节英语预览的好处。凝视-偶然边界范式被用于相同的、语义相关的和不相关的预览。与我们的假设相一致，我们发现，当预览/目标被资本化时，预览收益在数值上大于当预览/目标被资本化时。至关重要的是，语义预览的好处没有观察到时，预览/目标词不大写，但观察时，预览/目标词大写。
A major controversy in reading research is whether semantic information is obtained from the word to the right of the currently fixated word (word n+1). While most evidence has been negative in English, semantic preview benefit has been observed for readers of Chinese and German. In the present experiment, we investigated whether the discrepancy between English and German may be due to a difference in visual properties of the orthography: the first letter of a noun is always capitalized in German, but is only occasionally capitalized in English. This visually salient property may draw greater attention to the word during parafoveal preview and thus increase preview benefit generally (and lead to a greater opportunity for semantic preview benefit). We used English target nouns that can either be capitalized (e.g., We went to the critically acclaimed Ballet of Paris while on vacation.) or not (e.g., We went to the critically acclaimed ballet that was showing in Paris.) and manipulated the capitalization of the preview accordingly, to determine if capitalization modulates preview benefit in English. The gaze-contingent boundary paradigm was used with identical, semantically related, and unrelated previews. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found numerically larger preview benefits when the preview/target was capitalized than when it was lowercase. Crucially, semantic preview benefit was not observed when the preview/target word was not capitalized, but was observed when the preview/target word was capitalized.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0034408
发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gagl, Benjamin;Hawelka, Stefan;Hutzler, Florian
通讯作者：
Hutzler, Florian
DOI：
10.1080/01690960050119670
发表时间：
2000-08-01
期刊：
LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Deutsch, A;Frost, R;Rayner, K
通讯作者：
Rayner, K
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hyönä, J;Häikiö, T
通讯作者：
Häikiö, T
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Barr, Dale J.;Levy, Roger;Scheepers, Christoph;Tily, Harry J.
通讯作者：
Tily, Harry J.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Dimigen, Olaf;Kliegl, Reinhold;Sommer, Werner
通讯作者：
Sommer, Werner