The Influence of Wiring Economy on Nervous System Evolution
The Influence of Wiring Economy on Nervous System Evolution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2016.08.053
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Irving E. Wang;T. R. Clandinin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Irving E. Wang;T. R. Clandinin
神经元的活动和维持需要大量的代谢能量，从而产生选择性压力，以减少神经系统对资源的消耗。布线经济原理认为，动物已经进化出了通过最小化神经突起长度来有效地连接电路的机制。对神经元形态、微电路组织和神经网络的计算建模表明，布线经济性是神经系统布局的重要决定因素。降低布线成本的策略在整个门类中都是相同的，并指出了制定可概括规则的可能性，这些规则指定了高效神经系统的发展。由于支撑网络经济的发展机制直到现在才被阐明，这种现象的分子基础是保守的遗传程序还是收敛进化的结果仍有待确定。
The activity and maintenance of neurons requires substantial metabolic energy, resulting in selective pressure to decrease resource consumption by the nervous system. The wiring economy principle proposes that animals have evolved mechanisms that wire circuits efficiently by minimizing neurite length. Computational modeling of neuronal morphology, microcircuit organization, and neural networks reveals that wiring economy is a significant determinant of nervous system layout. The strategies for reducing wiring costs are shared across phyla and point to the possibility of generalizable rules that specify the development of efficient nervous systems. As the developmental mechanisms underpinning wiring economy are only now being elucidated, whether the molecular basis of this phenomenon is the result of conserved genetic programs or convergent evolution remains to be determined.