Polθ reverse transcribes RNA and promotes RNA-templated DNA repair.

Polθ reverse transcribes RNA and promotes RNA-templated DNA repair.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abf1771
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发表时间:
2021-06
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Pomerantz RT
Pomerantz RT
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chandramouly G;Zhao J;McDevitt S;Rusanov T;Hoang T;Borisonnik N;Treddinick T;Lopezcolorado FW;Kent T;Siddique LA;Mallon J;Huhn J;Shoda Z;Kashkina E;Brambati A;Stark JM;Chen XS;Pomerantz RT

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Polθ通过显著的构象变化逆转录RNA,促进RNA模板DNA修复。基因组嵌入核糖核苷酸阻止复制DNA聚合酶(pol)并导致DNA断裂。哺乳动物DNA修复pol是否有效地利用模板核糖核苷酸并促进rna模板DNA修复合成尚不清楚。我们发现人类Polθ逆转录RNA,类似于逆转录病毒逆转录酶(RTs)。与DNA相比,Polθ在RNA上结合脱氧核糖核苷酸的速度和保真度明显更高。结合脱氧核糖核酸的DNA/RNA引物模板上的Polθ的3.2-Å晶体结构表明,该酶在拇指亚域内经历了主要的结构转化,以容纳a型DNA/RNA,并与模板核糖2 ' -羟基形成多个氢键,如逆转录病毒RTs。最后,我们发现Polθ在哺乳动物细胞中促进rna模板DNA修复。这些发现表明,在DNA修复过程中,Polθ被选择用于容纳模板核糖核苷酸。
Polθ reverse transcribes RNA by undergoing a significant conformational change and promotes RNA-templated DNA repair. Genome-embedded ribonucleotides arrest replicative DNA polymerases (Pols) and cause DNA breaks. Whether mammalian DNA repair Pols efficiently use template ribonucleotides and promote RNA-templated DNA repair synthesis remains unknown. We find that human Polθ reverse transcribes RNA, similar to retroviral reverse transcriptases (RTs). Polθ exhibits a significantly higher velocity and fidelity of deoxyribonucleotide incorporation on RNA versus DNA. The 3.2-Å crystal structure of Polθ on a DNA/RNA primer-template with bound deoxyribonucleotide reveals that the enzyme undergoes a major structural transformation within the thumb subdomain to accommodate A-form DNA/RNA and forms multiple hydrogen bonds with template ribose 2′-hydroxyl groups like retroviral RTs. Last, we find that Polθ promotes RNA-templated DNA repair in mammalian cells. These findings suggest that Polθ was selected to accommodate template ribonucleotides during DNA repair.
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