Parallel-distributed processing in olfactory cortex: New insights from morphological and physiological analysis of neuronal circuitry
Parallel-distributed processing in olfactory cortex: New insights from morphological and physiological analysis of neuronal circuitry
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DOI：
10.1093/chemse/26.5.551
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Haberly, LB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haberly, LB
梨状皮质（PC）和其他嗅觉皮质区，重新定义了传统的功能作用，提出了一个工作假设如下：嗅球作为主要的嗅觉皮质凭借编码的“分子特征”（结构组件共同的许多气味分子）作为一个补丁马赛克让人想起的代表性的简单功能在初级视觉皮层。前嗅觉皮层（被不恰当地称为前嗅觉核）检测并存储嗅觉特征之间的相关性，为特定的气味和气味混合物创造表征（完形）。这个功能将前嗅觉皮层置于次级视觉皮层的水平。PC执行传统上定义为关联皮层的功能-它检测和学习前嗅觉皮层中形成的嗅觉完形与大量行为，认知和上下文信息之间的相关性，通过与前额叶，内嗅，嗅周和杏仁核区域的相互连接，它可以访问这些信息。使用来自人工网络与生物学上合理的并行分布式架构和Hebbian突触可塑性（即调整突触强度的基础上，局部收敛活动）的原则，PC和相关的皮质区的功能建议。建筑特点包括广泛的经常性连接前PC，主要是前馈连接后PC和backprojections，连接远端到近端的结构级联的嗅觉皮质区。功能的“互惠前馈相关”的架构，PC和相邻的高阶领域的特点进行了详细讨论。工作假设之前，相关的解剖学和生理学的审查，和平行分布的原则的非定量帐户。为了增加PC的研究结果的可访问性，并宣传其作为关联过程的实验和建模分析的模型的巨大潜力，PC和海马结构，下颞叶视觉皮层和前额叶皮层之间的相似之处。
A working hypothesis is proposed for piriform cortex (PC) and other olfactory cortical areas that redefines the traditional functional roles as follows: the olfactory bulb serves as the primary olfactory cortex by virtue of encoding 'molecular features' (structural components common to many odorant molecules) as a patchy mosaic reminiscent of the representation of simple features in primary visual cortex. The anterior olfactory cortex (that has been inappropriately termed the anterior olfactory nucleus) detects and stores correlations between olfactory features, creating representations (gestalts) for particular odorants and odorant mixtures. This function places anterior olfactory cortex at the level of secondary visual cortex. PC carries out functions that have traditionally defined association cortex-it detects and learns correlations between olfactory gestalts formed in anterior olfactory cortex and a large repertoire of behavioral, cognitive and contextual information to which it has access through reciprocal connections with prefrontal, entorhinal, perirhinal and amygdaloid areas. Using principles derived from artificial networks with biologically plausible parallel-distributed architectures and Hebbian synaptic plasticity (i.e. adjustments in synaptic strength based on locally convergent activity), functional proposals are made for PC and related cortical areas. Architectural features incorporated include extensive recurrent connectivity in anterior PC, predominantly feedforward connectivity in posterior PC and backprojections that connect distal to proximal structures in the cascade of olfactory cortical areas. Capabilities of the 'reciprocal feedforward correlation' architecture that characterizes PC and adjoining higher-order areas are discussed in some detail. The working hypothesis is preceded by a review of relevant anatomy and physiology, and a non-quantitative account of parallel-distributed principles. To increase the accessibility of findings for PC and to advertise its substantial potential as a model for experimental and modeling analysis of associative processes, parallels are described between PC and the hippocampal formation, inferotemporal visual cortex and prefrontal cortex.