A population of dust-enshrouded objects orbiting the Galactic black hole
A population of dust-enshrouded objects orbiting the Galactic black hole
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-019-1883-y
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发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
A. Ciurlo;R. Campbell;M. Morris;T. Do;A. Ghez;A. Hees;B. Sitarski;Kelly Kosmo O’Neil;D. Chu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Ciurlo;R. Campbell;M. Morris;T. Do;A. Ghez;A. Hees;B. Sitarski;Kelly Kosmo O’Neil;D. Chu
银河系中央0.1秒差距处有一个超大质量黑洞，其位置与射电源和红外线源人马座A *（参考文献，）一致，一群年轻的大质量恒星（S星）和各种气体特征。最近，人们发现了两个不寻常的天体，它们正紧密地围绕着人马座A * 运行：即所谓的G源，G1和G2。这些物体是无法分辨的（除了在近点，与黑洞的潮汐相互作用使它们沿着轨道伸展外，它们的大小约为100个天文单位），它们显示出热尘埃发射和电离气体的线发射。G1和G2引起了人们的关注，因为它们似乎与超大质量银河系黑洞发生了潮汐相互作用，可能会增强其吸积活动。关于它们的性质尚未达成广泛的共识：G物体显示出气体和尘埃云的特征，但显示出恒星质量物体的动力学特性。在这里，我们报告了另外四个G天体的观测结果，它们都位于黑洞的0.04秒差距之内，形成了一个可能是这个环境所独有的类别。6个G天体的轨道差异很大，这表明它们是共同形成的，但它们是单独形成的。
The central 0.1 parsecs of the Milky Way host a supermassive black hole identified with the position of the radio and infrared source Sagittarius A* (refs.,), a cluster of young, massive stars (the S stars) and various gaseous features,. Recently, two unusual objects have been found to be closely orbiting Sagittarius A*: the so-called G sources, G1 and G2. These objects are unresolved (having a size of the order of 100 astronomical units, except at periapse, where the tidal interaction with the black hole stretches them along the orbit) and they show both thermal dust emission and line emission from ionized gas, , , –. G1 and G2 have generated attention because they appear to be tidally interacting with the supermassive Galactic black hole, possibly enhancing its accretion activity. No broad consensus has yet been reached concerning their nature: the G objects show the characteristics of gas and dust clouds but display the dynamical properties of stellar-mass objects. Here we report observations of four additional G objects, all lying within 0.04 parsecs of the black hole and forming a class that is probably unique to this environment. The widely varying orbits derived for the six G objects demonstrate that they were commonly but separately formed.